Multiscale Spatiotemporal Database Building And Dynamic Analysis On Fujian Typhoon Disasters In Recent500Years

China is one of the few countries that affected by the typhoon most severely. The typhoon often caused heavy losses to the southeast coastal people every summer and autumn. Fujian, which locates near the world’s largest typhoon source (the northwest of the Pacific Ocean), is one of the most severely affected provinces by typhoon. Typhoon is the main meteorological disaster in Fujian with its heavy rains, complex path, huge changes of structure and strength, and severe damage. And its perniciousness keeps going up as the rapid development of economy and population in coastal areas of Fujian arising. Currently, analysis of temporal-spatial pattern of typhoon, which tend to base on typhoon occurrence frequency, are limited to the description of temporal-spatial distribution of disaster factors, and lack of studies for loss patterns caused by typhoon disaster. Therefore, it is of great significance for disaster evaluation and prevention of how to build up a historical typhoon temporal-spatial database based on historical materials and disaster losses then analy e the temporal-spatial pattern of typhoon disaster visually and dynamically to reveal the regular pattern of Fujian historical typhoon disaster temporal-spatial changes.This paper is based on GIS (Geographical Information System) technique, we built up a historical typhoon temporal-spatial database in recent500years of Fujian based on the temporal administrative division database at country and prefectural level from the Chinese Historical Geographical Information System program of Shanghai Fudan University, together with Fujian Major Historical Natural Disaster Chronology, Fujian Historical Natural Disaster Records (revised edition), Chinese Meteorological Disaster Book(Fujian Volume), and other historical typhoon data to analyzed the multiscale temporal-spatial pattern of historical typhoon disaster. As the assessment of typhoon covers lots of aspects, along with its large temporal scale and information variety, this paper built up a historical typhoon disaster database combing actual temporal periods to choose different disaster factors, and anlyzed them dynamically. Prior to building up the database, normalization of things like historical information, statistical data, and geographical information and forth need to be done, take an instance, normalization of historical place names, damage time and statistical data. Typhoon disaster between1900 and1950, when we introduced the conception of disaster degree, made standards for grading, and then visualized the grade result by the form of videos; between1951and2000, we calculated disaster information indices annually and regionally by choosing indices and assessment model. And using the development kit ArcGIS Engine, we designed a visualization interface for Fujian typhoon disaster on the platform of Visual Studio2005. Dynamic analysis was made for Fujian temporal-spatial pattern of historical typhoon disaster using two methods mentioned above. In the meantime, from two spatial units, prefecture and county, analyzed the factors like frequency, disaster index, disaster degree et cetera in Fujian in different periods. The results shows that, in the recent500years, lots of typhoons have made huge damages to Fujian, they happened mainly between June and October. The high frequency areas were concentrated in Zhangzhou, Putian, Ningde, Fuzhou, Xiamen, which are all coastal cities. And the frequency decreased from coast to land. The database, which built above, contributed very important scientific supports for temporal-spatial analysis and disaster prevention and mitigation decision.