Comparative Study On The Settlements System In The Reclamation And Agriculatural Region Of HeiLongjiang Province

Settlement is closely related to people’s production and life， it is the carrier of humanmovement. Settlement is the production when regional social and economic development get to acertain stage. As an organic part of regional spatial system， settlement system is the importantand direct embodiment of the development of social and economy. Reasonable Urban and ruralsettlement system is essential for coordinating urban-rural development， advancing newcountryside construction of socialism， improving the environment of countryside， organizingregional land and eradicating structure of urban and rural areas.Full understanding of thesimilarities and differences of settlement system structure and function，can provide the basis forurban and rural integration，the economical and intensive utilization of land.This paper takes the settlements in Fujin City snd Daxing， Sevenstar and Chuangye farmwithin Jiansanjiang as the core settlements to comparative stydy. and takes the topographic maps，TM and SPOT5images as data source， extracting2010distribution data of settlements.Based onthe second land resource survey data and GIS method comparative analysis the features ofreclamation and agricultural regions， this paper only by FuJin city as an example to reaction thesimilarities and differences of settlements system characteristics in Heilongjiang provincereclamation and agricultural regions and to provide the basis for overall urban and ruraldevelopment and the construction of a new socialist countryside.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows.(1) In space system， the spatial distribution pattern of reclamation and agriculturalsettlements system are the gathering distribution and showed a significant regional differences，butreclamation settlements between average nearest neighbor distance is less than the agriculturalareas，settlements higher density is more intensive agricultural areas in the space.(2) In hierarchy system，reclamation and agricultural settlements system can be divided intofour levels， distribution bureau straight-field-management district-operating stations andcounty-level cities-towns-administrative villages-villages four levels. Either Reclamation oragricultural areas， settlements system do not meet the three distribution patterns of the centralplace theory of central places (settlements)， and showed two distinct hierarchical order， alsoshows that the two regional settlements system there are unreasonable， yet to be optimized.(3) In scale system， settlement system in agricultural areas and agriculture have significantdifferences， but the reclamation settlements in the average size of less than agricultural areas，less than the proportion of large settlements in the settlements in the number of agricultural areasin settlementshigher than in the total area of agricultural areas..Reclamation and agricultural zonesettlements system exists the problem of the high proportion of micro settlements， scatteredlayout，space network and unreasonable mutual split.(4) In County-level city-bureau level function system， basic functions and other functionsare roughly the same，but the difference in the political，transportation，as well as the functionsof the foreign trade， political functions， a county-level city belonging to the provincial levelhas the right of approval of the deputy to the municipal administration directly administrative lawenforcement， county-level city has three modes of transport of water， land and railwaypassenger land transport Bureau straight only county-level cities are importantports，foreign tradefunctions.(5) In Organic wown-field ministry level function system， the ministry of the field in termsof education， health care， science and technology， culture and other functions than the samelevel of organic towns have an advantage in the leading enterprises in the development of publicinfrastructure facilities， services， townsconstruction and prosperity far less field Ministry，which also explains the functions of the designated towns weakening.(6) In administrative village-management district level function system， the administrativevillages in the exercise of administrative functions is not obvious，vague，the performance of theadministrative functions of comparative management district is more specific. configurationhigher than the same level of administrative villages in the education， health care， publicinfrastructure and supporting facilities， also very different mode of production， administrativevillages or take the traditional closed farming methods， management area of science andtechnology to support modern agriculture， culture to carry out the intensity and frequency of thecareer is also higher than the administrative villages.(7) In natural village-work station level function system， the functions have graduallyreduced according to the first few levels settlements functions， the most basic functions ofproduction of all people living in this level of education functions， medical as well as ancillaryservices and facilities relativelack basic features entertainment and cultural facilities.(8) Settlements and agricultural areas for reclamation system of content and problems putforward to speed up the pace of settlement system reconstruction; optimization of settlementnetwork system; optimization of settlement traffic system; aiming at the characteristic agriculturaldevelopment trend,build different optimization model; strengthen infrastructure and socialconstruction of public service some contermeasures and suggestions optimization.