Research On The Standard Of Urban Minimum Living Guarantee In Heilongjiang Province

Since the90’s, the urban residents’ poverty has become a hot social concern. The15th Party Congress of the Communist Party offered the policy---“to safeguard basiclife of urban residents in difficulty”, which reflects in system is to establish the urbanminimum living guarantee system for urban residents. As a result, the urban minimumliving guarantee system, as an urban social security system, adapts to the economicand social demands and is gradually established. In1993, the system of the urbanminimum living guarantee was firstly implemented in Shanghai, which takes the leadin social assistance system reform. In1999, Regulations on the Subsistence Securityfor Urban Residents was enforced. In the past ten years of development, the systemmade great progress, and the business of urban subsistence security has entered avirtuous cycle. However, we should soberly realize that there are many problems inthe system itself, especially in the calculation method.The smooth implement of the urban minimum living guarantee system dependson the scientific measuring of the subsistence security standards. If the "low"standards were too low, it is hard to ensure the basic life need of the poor; If the "low"standards were too high, it will give the government at all levels greater financialpressure, cause financial difficulties, and at the same time, it may make some of thepoor become lazy and lose the motivation to improve their lives on themselves.Consequently, to select a standard-measuring-method scientifically and reasonably isvery important.Firstly, based on the introduction of the concerned conception on standard of theurban minimum living guarantee system, this paper analysis the situation of thestandard of the urban minimum living guarantee system in Heilongjiang province, andthinks that there are some problems in the way of consumption-ratio to measure lowstandards adopted by Heilongjiang province, for example, the safeguard level is low,low income group failed to share fruits of economic development, and so on. As aresult, it is necessary to choose a more reasonable standard measuring method.Secondly, based on the comparison analysis of the measuring method used byother provinces in China, this paper proposes the method of Extended Linear Expenditure system Model (ELESM) to determine the standard of the urban minimumliving guarantee in Heilongjiang province. At the same time, the paper analyzes thereason why we choose the method and at last with the method, find the standard of theurban minimum living guarantee in Heilongjiang province with the statistical data of2006-2010. Cities and counties in Heilongjiang province may determine theirstandard of the urban subsistence security according to the standard measured above,and make change with the development of their own economy.Then, the paper choose two indexes to test the method of ELESM is reasonable.The conclusion is that, the method of Extended Linear Expenditure system Model(ELESM) to determine the standard of the urban minimum living guarantee inHeilongjiang province is feasible for that the standards measured by the method cansatisfy the daily need of the urban poor and safeguard the low income group sharefruits of economic development.