Problems And Countermeasures Of Agriculture-Used Land Circulation In Fangzheng County

Since1978, China’s reform and opening up have already walked through thirty-four years of trials and hardships. The rural population, is China’s national condition, farmers are growing land to support China’s1.3billion population, land gathered in the countryside, rural land disputes occur is displaced, is the root of the problems occurred land. Rural development research institute is the main problems of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", of which the key problem is land, land at the heart of the issue is a question of policy.Since then have the rural land contracting system, it is one of the land problem solving an important method and the basic way, the enforcement of the policy of rural development to bring the great change, but in the process of land contract, land is the household as basic unit average distribution, led by the agricultural land finely LingSanHua, simplification, it is difficult to integrate, difficult to form the moderate scale operation and intensive use standardization of management, to this, the state laws and regulations promulgated, appeared a word of agricultural land circulation, improve agricultural land circulation becomes the phenomenon of an important effective measures, it is the household contract responsibility system after another important action, not only promoted the development of rural economy, realized the peasants’ income, and the efficient transfer of rural surplus labor, it in the second and third industry driven development and at the same time, for the new rural construction provides basic conditions and effective safeguard, promote the sustainable healthy development of the national economy, reasonable and effective for the integration of resources and configuration, adjusting agricultural industry the development direction, agricultural land circulation at the present stage is still at the primary level, but it will bring the rapid development of rapid development prospect and new future, the development of agricultural environment for laying the road for effective laying solid foundation and strengthening agriculture protection, as well as people to resources effectively harmonious and processes, and will do it intends to lead.This paper expounds the agricultural land circulation related concepts, including agricultural land, land property rights, the household contract responsibility system, the agricultural land circulation at the same time, take Marx land rent and price theory, land market theory, land scale use theory, land intensive use theory, the sustainable development theory as a foundation, and reviews the evolution process of the rural land system, from private land ownership, the period of the farmers can free land circulation, to land ownership over the village collective, established people’s communes, production to engage in agricultural production for the unit, but the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, and realize the land ownership and use right two right of separation, the PRC land administration law come on stage, in the legal sense of the right to contract to maintain the land rights, of which it has also covered the variety of transfer, marks the beginning of the land circulation. With these historical conditions for background and theoretical basis, the other side is the specific geographic position county area county carefully investigation and research, and find out the founder of agricultural land circulation in the present situation of the county principles and policies and how to face and solve the region of the difficulty of the land circulation, how do I strong circulation of strength, and how to solve the circulation to do the steps to make land get effective configuration, circulation party that is the interests of farmers how to effectively protected, and the future development prospects do better under.In this paper, the research methods of literature study, qualitative analysis and induction is constructed, investigation and quantitative analysis, the founder XianShu county in heilongjiang province as the research area, describes the founder of agricultural land circulation of cultivated land especially county present situation and the main way of circulation, the major including subcontract, lease, land swaps. Founder of agricultural land circulation of the county there are many aspects of the problem, the main reason is the farmers obsolete concepts and entrenched conservative thought, to a great degree, limits of agricultural land circulation, stable and quickly development; Farmers’ legal consciousness, most farmers knowledge culture level is low, don’t understand the flow of circulation, and transfer process irregularities, happen when not sign the contract circulation circulation, does not have legal effectiveness, prone to land disputes; Some relatively lagged information circulation, farmers can’t get the latest transfer information, these are the slow circulation; Circulation in the farmers are relatives or village between villagers, opposite for the circulation of smaller, contracting term is short, mostly agricultural land scattered distribution, relatively low concentration degree, to the detriment of concentrated management, hinder the agricultural land circulation, these is in evidence of that visit.According to the problems, I summarized founder of agricultural land circulation produce these problems county are the main reasons:the related agricultural land conversion in relatively few laws and regulations, not entirely norms, for China’s land circulation still is in its early stages, remains to be more long time of practice and repeated development. China’s current laws and regulations are not good constraints of agricultural land flow problem, the social security system lags behind, not highly educated and skilled, only rely on their lifetimes land survival thriving there, and that some farmers can only rely on land life, no land can’t get living guarantee, so farmers would not go out land circulation, think so lost to the survival of the only source of survival; Now most of the farmers have not received any formal education, also did not accept special business training, relevant departments and personnel in this work for doing too little, resulting in lack of legal consciousness and farmers, common sense, has been thought to have the land contract right, is to have the land ownership, can any of the process in the land, and led to the land abused, land use also is the unreasonable; Relevant laws and regulations of the lag of land system, in the presence of interests, easy to cause disputes, now some of its policies in, can effectively relieve such problems, must build new move mode, abandon the old model.According to founder county agricultural land circulation in heilongjiang province, the existing problems of the profound analysis the reasons and on a voluntary and compensatory in accordance with the law, and the rural land contracting relations long-term stable principle, put forward to promote the agricultural land circulation advice mainly include:1) change the farmers concepts, improve farmers legal consciousness;2) improve circulation of agricultural policy, standard circulation market;3) the creation loose external environment, to strengthen the management of agricultural land circulation;4) establishing the intermediary organization of agricultural land circulation and training organization;5) increase agricultural land circulation pattern;6) improve agricultural land circulation conditions;7) perfect rural social security system;8) to improve farmers’ employment skills, speed up the rural labor transfer. Investigation shows, founder county rural land market remains to be further improved, and should strengthen the thinking, and management, is not only the constraints on provisions, but also the implementation of the action, so relevant departments and personnel to this respect to intensify, work, what is the most important thought is identified, thought to bring up enthusiasm, to unify your knowledge of the land after long-term work can smoothly and long, so the most basic work.