| Hunan Province is rich in mineral resources, and the mineral developmentindustry plays an important role in the economic development of Hunan Province.Mineral development industry is a major pillar of industry in Hunan Province. Itsannual output value is obviously upward. However, the development of mineralresources has brought enormous challenges to "two-oriented" society construction inHunan Province. And this is due to a certain degree of damage that mineraldevelopment brought, such as water pollution, air pollution, land cover, arable landfertility decline, landslides, mudslides and many other issues. Therefore theestablishment of a sound development of mineral resources ecological compensationmechanism has important practical significance for the rational development ofHunan Province, and two types of social construction, and to promote the sustainableeconomic and "two-oriented" society construction in Hunan Province.On the basis of reviewing and combing the theoretical literature of the domesticand international ecological compensation, the article discusses the basic content andgeneral framework of ecological compensation theory for mineral resourcesdevelopment, and puts forward the theoretical basis to establish the ecologicalcompensation mechanism, including the ecosystem service value theory, externalitytheory, public goods theory and sustainable development theory, these theories givestrong supports to build and a perfect ecological compensation mechanism of mineralresources development in Hunan Province. The article also summarizes the utilizationconditions of mineral resources development in Hunan Province, and analyzes theecological damages which occurred during the development of mineral resources.Although Hunan Province has introduced a number of ecological governance andcompensation policies for the development of mineral resources, there are still manydeficiencies, such as single compensation mean, the lack of compensation forfinancial security, imperfect legal mechanism and so on.After amount of theoretical and empirical analyses, the article focuses ondiscourse establishing and perfecting a sound ecological compensation mechanism ofmineral resources development in Hunan Province in the end, including building theframework of the compensation mechanism, determining the compensation standardsand building the model of the standard of compensation. This paper studies to establish ecological compensation mechanism for the development of mineralresources and improve Hunan Province. It is necessary to realize it from three aspects,the legal system, the Government mechanism and market mechanism, and only thesethree mechanisms to jointly coordinate the operate, the ecological compensationactivities in mining areas can develop healthy and orderly. It requires legal divisionsto draft specialized ecological compensation laws and regulations in line with theactual situation of Hunan Province which constitute a set of complete mineralresources ecological compensation legal with the relevant national laws together.Government should establish provincial and local ecological compensationmanagement agencies, including establishing a technical advisory committee at theprovincial level, an ecological compensation agency at the provincial and anecological compensation agency at the local level. The establishment of the threeinstitutions will build a complete government ecological compensation regulatorymechanism of of mineral resources development. Market mechanism needs to requirethe government to establish a series of market trading rules of ecologicalcompensation so that the market will gradually become the main way of ecologicalcompensation. |
