Measurement And Research Of The Rail Wear Based On Plane Array Ccd

Detection technology of rail wear ensures the safety of train running. With the development of economy, the increasing capacity and usage frequency of railway, the rail wear is more and more serious. Especially in recent years, as the requirement of spending less time to go to other cities, train’s running speed needs to meet a higher requirement. Therefore, it is a hard job to ensure the safety of the rail. Because the profile abrasion of rail is easily damaged, we must detect the rail regularly. Accurate and rapid measurement of the abrasion of the rail is important condition of the safety of rail.There are a variety of measurement methods of rail abrasion, such as artificial visual analysis method and caliper measurement methods. Because of the artificial strength and large errors, it does not meet with the requirement of measurement accuracy and speed. A ccd-based non-contact detect method has been proposed combined with the knowledge of image processing and computer vision. The thesis finished the measurement of abrasion of the rail which is based on the development of MFC and OpenCV.Fisrt of all, the thesis introduces the development of methods of the rail wear including detecting methods, detecting principle and detecting products. It compares domestic detecting scheme with foreign detecting scheme in the area of detecting speed and accuracy. On the basic of a large number of references, it proposes non-contact image detecting technology based on CCD. The whole project is designed on the principle, including detecting principle, detecting function, system hardware and system software. It also introduces the structure and the classification of the rail and the definition of rail wear.The thesis focuses on the digital image acquisition, processing and analysis. The image collection includes the drive of CCD, the design of the optical system, the design of line laser parameter, the design of CCD parameter and several local tests. Image processing theory is analyzed and discussed in the part of image processing. In order to image restoration, we must do following operations such as image denoising, image binarization, image thinning. Image datum mark choice, image matching, rail wear counting and gauge is carried out in the part of image analysis. The local collecting and detecting software is developed. Its functions include image collecting, image detecting, camera calibration and the counting of rail wear.The system which based on the CCD non-contact image detecting is made up of the optical technology, photoelectricity technology, digital image processing technology and software engineering and so on. The system could detect the parameter of the rail wear such as horizontal wear, vertical wear and whole wear. Small bulk, high precision and easily operating, so it has a positive effect on the railway maintaince.