Pipeline Leak Detection Signal Processing Methods

Oil and gas is one of the most important source in the world, the main mode of transport is the pipeline transportation which is convenient, safe and fast. However, due to various natural disasters and human destruction, the pipeline transportation accidents have occurred from time to time, If not timely treatment, it is not only a waste of oil and gas resources, but also may cause major accidents and environmental pollution accident. Therefore, research a quick, effective, practical pipeline leakage detection system has become an urgent need for pipeline transportation safety production. At present, the leakage signal processing method has been widely used in the oil pipeline leakage detection and location, and the method based on negative pressure wave detecting by virtue of its good performance, high reliability, high cost-effective, simple and practical characteristics of detection and location has been widely applied both at home and abroad.The paper research on leakage detection techniques, mainly for the following work:(1) The leak detection and location based on the pressure data acquisition by a method based on negative pressure wave, analysis the inadequate of the single pressure transducer leakage detection method, study on a solution with dual pressure transducers to judge the negative pressure wave’s propagation direction.(2) On the basis of the analysis of the signal, study three kinds of methods, analysis of variance segmentation method, histogram dichotomy and multiscale analysis method, to realize the data segments with pressure signal has a relatively large fluctuations, the three methods are introduced the principle and analyze detection effect and the advantages and disadvantages of these three methods.(3) Analysis the influence of the noise signal by the theoretical model to determine the pressure wave propagation direction, using a Fourier transform on the pressure signal to filter the noise, time domain correlation on the filtered pressure data, according to the correlation results judging the direction of pressure wave propagation, and compare with the results of the time domain correlation on the pressure data before filtering.(4) Based on the above methods to achieve the pipeline leak pressure wave detection and propagation direction identification system.