The Research Of Environmental Monitoring Technology Based On Wireless Sensor Networks

With the continuous advancement of today’s high-tech, people’s standard ofliving is increasing, the environmental monitoring problems are caused by social highattention. However, the traditional means of monitoring are difficult in networkdeployment, and maintenance cost is higher, nodes have low degree of intelligence, itis difficult to do the effective monitoring for the target area. Therefore, wirelessenvironment monitoring technology is more and more caused the attention of people.This paper studies the environment monitoring technology based on wireless sensornetwork.In order to realize the intelligent acquisition of environmental parameters, Thispaper designed a kind of environmental parameter acquisition node based on WSN,the node are mainly composed of micro controller(MCU), wireless transceiver(Radio),temperature, humidity and other environmental sensors(Sensor), informationstorage(Flash), power module. In order to realize the remote monitoring function, thispaper studies and designs an intelligent gateway, it mainly composed of the embeddedmicrocontroller processor, ZigBee module and the GPRS Modem module, thegateway use ZigBee technology as local wireless network, however through thegateway access the external internet, so as to realize the connection from localwireless to the remote wireless network. According to the energy bottleneck of thewireless sensor network, the LEACH algorithm is improved in this paper, in theLEACH algorithm, it maybe that the cluster head nodes are far from the base station,and cluster head node has non-uniform distribution, in this case, nodes soon died afterconsuming energy, so the focus from three aspects of the optimal number of thecluster head and uniform distribution and many jump communication to improve, theimproved algorithm through the simulation tests show that network node energy hasbeen obviously saved, at the same time the lifecycle of the system is also effectivelyextension. Finally, on the basis of solving the key problems, this paper designs a remote environment monitoring system based on WSN, the system includes threeparts of wireless sensor network, monitoring center of environmental parametersacquisition and environmental parameters monitoring software. The test to systemshowed that environmental monitoring system based on the WSN can automatic forma wireless monitoring network and acquire real-time data from monitoring area, theuser can realize the remote monitoring by the local host or the internet.