Based On The Clustering Of The Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol Research And Improvement

Wireless sensor networks (WSN), as a new technology for information acquisition,processing and transmission, has been a research focus for years, and routing protocolsfor WSN also attracted much attention. Since the sensor nodes are power-limited,low-power and energy-efficient are the primary design requirements for routingprotocols. In this thesis, on the basis of a detailed analysis of the typical clusteringrouting protocol-LEACH, we propose two improved clustering routing algorithm,Fixed Partition Multi-Hop Routing Algorithm-FPMH and Unequal Clustering RoutingAlgorithm-UC.In LEACH, the distribution and number of cluster head is random, control messageis overhead and energy consumption for intra-cluster communication is huge. To solveabove shortconmings, we propose the FPMH. FPMH introduces the idea of fixedpartition to ensure the uniform distribution and constant number of cluster head; andthere’s no longer periodic network-wide cluster construction, but only under certainconditions cluster head is replaced, thus greatly reduce the control message overhead;cluster heads communicate with sink by the multi-hop routing mode, thus greatlyreduces the enegy consumption for intra-cluster communication. In this thesis, we useMATLAB to simulate FPMH, and compared with LEACH, FPMH has the advantage toreduce the overall network energy consumption, prolong the network lifetime andincrease energy efficiency.In FPMH, multi-hop routing mechanism based on fixed partition, leads to theuneven energy consumption in the network, accelerates the death of nodes and shortensthe lifetime of network. UC is an improved routing algorithm based on FPMH; Usingunequal clustering strategy, UC divides the network into clusters of varying size, theclusters closer with sink have smaller diameter, thus they have fewer nodes andconsume less energy for inter-cluster communication, in addition, the message theyhave to forward is reduced, so that the network energy consumption is more balanced.In this thesis, we use MATLAB to simulate UC, and compared with LEACH and FPMH, UC is more excellent in reducing the overall network energy consumption, prolongingthe network lifetime, increasing energy efficiency and balancing the network energyconsumption.