Experimental Study On Bone Morphology And Bone Metabolism Caused By Different Exercise Modes

Objective: Bone injury caused by exercises common in the sports of basketball，volleyball，gymnastics，as well as long-distance running and race walking，is thephenomenon below the ultimate strength of bone stress repeatedly lasting effect，thecontinuity of the bone caused by bone cumulative minor injury led to the destruction.This study takes the rat bone injury caused by different exercise modes and intensity ofstress stimulation as study direction，combining the analysis on bone biopsy and thebone metabolism indicators，revealing the level of bone metabolism and correspondingmorphological changes， providing experimental basis for the establishment of themodel of the stress fracture and other sports injuries，and also provide a reference forbone metabolism.Methods: In this experiment，takes120Sprague-Dawley rats8-week-old asexperimental subjects，and randomly divides into5groups，control group，runninggroup，running with burden group，jumping group and jump with burden group，5%ofweight is the burden，modeling for6weeks (n=24)，training six days every week.Motion model is divided into running and jumping the two forms of exercise: runningspeed of30m/min，modeling for2hours in two weeks，2.5hours in3-4weeks and3hours in5-6weeks；as for jumping movement, training for1hour in two weeks，1.5hours in3-4weeks，2hours in5-6weeks；training six days every week.Test methods and indicators: HE slice， Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)，Tartrate-resistant phosphatase (TRACP)Results：(1) The weight of rats changes in different groups exercising，according to theresults of the movement cycle，the weight of different groups is increasing，the controlgroup increased the largest size；To exercise group，the increasing level of weight is， running group，running with burden group，jumping with burden group，jumping group；jumping group after3weeks show very significant difference (P <0.01)，jumping withburden group at5weekends have the statistical difference (P <0.05).(2)Different groups of serum alkaline phosphatase indicators show that the exercisegroup compared with control group serum alkaline phosphatase levels increased invarying degrees；treadmill group compared to the control group，have a significantdifference (P <0.05)，serum alkaline phosphatase level become up in4weeks，down in6weeks；running with burden at2，4，6weekend compared to the control group showeda significant difference (P <0.01)；serum alkaline phosphatase level of jumping groupincrease in4and6weeks and2，4，6weekends show a significant difference (P <0.01)；jumping with burden group have significant difference (P <0.01) in2，4，6weeks，butcontent of serum alkaline phosphatase in six weeks is declining in our weeks；runningwith burden and running have a very significant difference (P <0.01) in six weeks；thejumping with burden group and jumping group have a significant difference (P <0.05)in4and6weeks；treadmill group and jumping group in2and6weeks with asignificant difference (P <0.05) but not in4weeks，and the group with burden showstatistically significant difference (P <0.05) in4weeks.(3)Different groups of tartrate-resistant phosphatase show that the content of therunning with burden group，running group and jumping group increase，and comparedwith the control group have significant difference (P <0.01)；jumping with burden groupis compared with the control group has a very significant difference (P <0.01)，However，the level of anti-tartaric acid phosphatase decrease in six weeks compared to4weeks；but the group with burden showed a significant difference in4and6weeks (P<0.05).(4)HE biopsy results of the bone tissue show that，with the increment of themovement cycle， in different exercise ways in2weeks of bone morphology(osteoblasts，the board layer arrangement of collagen fibers，lacunae quantity) changesdifferently, group with burden are more obvious；while jumping with burden is the mostobvious，followed by jumping group changes，running with burden group and runninggroup. Conclusions:(1) Osteoblasts and lamellar arrangement of collagen fibers neat or not，thechanging number of lacunae may represent the emergence process of training injuries.(2)Bone metabolic biochemical markers， such as alkaline phosphatase andtartrate-resistant phosphatase evaluate the metabolic status of bone tissue in differentforms of exercise.(3) To biochemical markers of bone metabolism，bone tissue morphology scale canexactly be more intuitive in assessment of the extent of bone damage.(4) In the long-term course of the campaign in this study，jump ran easily lead tobone damage，bone injure in group with weight is more serious than in group withnon-weight，jumping is an ideal form of exercise build bone injury model in exercise.