The Analysis Of Luhmann’s Risk System Theory

The risk society emerged unconsciously, Human living environment and sustainable development threaten seriously, We should face up to and pay attention to risk issues. So the risk problem has also become a hot issue of academia. For sociological research on risk, a lot of discussion focused on risk society theory represented by Beck and Giddens and risk culture theory represented by Douglas and Rush, and seldom discussion focused on Niklas Luhmann’s risk system theory. Luhmann is the founder of the contemporary social system theory, his social system theory is a modern theory which is on the basis of Parsons’ structural functionalism and Husserl’s phenomenological theory, his theory is a specialized study of the extreme complexity of modern society, Luhmann’s risk research is carried out in the framework of his social system theory.This paper studied Luhmann’s social system theory and risk theory, and referenced domestic and foreign scholars’ related study, then explored Luhmann’s risk system theory deeply. In this study, difference theory is a logical starting point, we elaborated self-reference system firstly which is complex and function dividing constantly, then introduce the time dimension, analyzed the time structure of modern society and its characteristics, pointed out risk is a new form of time binding, concluded by emphasizing that the risk problem should be treated from the point of first-order observation and second-order observation which is reflection on risk issues. In this paper, we made a deeper analysis on Luhmann’s theory, and compared with other risk theory, pointed out the breakthroughs and limitations of Luhmann’s risk system theory. Thus, this paper provided a more systematic and comprehensive reference for the study of the theory of the Luhmann’s risk system theory, and will be helpful to treat or control risk and understand modern society...