Study On Finnish Basic Education Reform

PISA is one of the international assess programs which have great effect. Finnish students have got high mark four times in the standard test since2000and head the list. What is more, by analyzing the results of PISA, we can find that Finnish students not only get high marks but also have a very small gap, and the family status has the least effect on the learning record. Finnish education has been seen as a director in the world. How makes the education not only fair but also excellent has always been the important and difficult points in the world, Finland can be an good example in this respect. Then, what kind of reform does Finland adopt to become both equitable and excellent?There is unique historical and cultural background of the education reform in Finland. In economic terms, the Finnish people realized that if they want to improve the national competitiveness, they must increase invest of education. Finland started changing from an agricultural country into a industrialized country. So the demand of well educated worker increased, so the students who enter into grammer school increased rapidly and Finland turned into an industrial ware state. But the economic prosperity had gone with the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the depression of the European economic, the unemployment rate raised rapidly. In order to resolve the crisis, Finnish government decided to focus on the development of information and knowledge economy, so more and more human resources were needed. In political terms, after the world war the the Left Party that laid more emphasis on the equity and the education reform became more and more popular.In such an environment, Finland implemented many reform, such as to establish the comprehensive school to ensure that all the students can receive basic education. After that the curriculum and teacher education also changed. In curriculum reform, their elastic curriculum and no-grade secondary school worth studying. No-grade secondary school permitted students to study in the next grade if they had the ability. Thus every student can realize their uttermost development. It can improve autonomy, selectivity, responsibility of students. The comprehensive schools need lots of high-level teachers, so the threshold of teachers has raised rapidly, and now the teachers in the primary school are asked to get the master degree. Besides, Finland attached much importance to teachers’teaching ability in order to fit students with different potentiality.In general, there are two successful experience of Finland, they are inclusive system and high-level teachers. Flexible education system, inclusive curriculum, inclusive teaching, eradicated structure these four policies acting as tools help form the Inclusive system. What’s worth paying attention to is the new interpretation of the concept "equity"-it means everyone get the equal opportunity to realize one’s potential and ability. Finnish school first ensure everyone can receive the education, and then have a request that teachers teaching students in accordance of their aptitude, and making personal learning plan for them to make sure education is equal and excellent. This measure to look after these two sides is well worth study.