The Study On The Relationship Between The Academy And The College Of Hunan Province In Late Qing Dynasty

Chinese ancient academy is a unique organization that related to culture and education. It has been in Chinese history for more than1000years from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. It not only cultivated a large number of outstanding talents for Chinese but also made great contribution to the development of this country’s education, cultural, academy, publishing and book storing. With the population of imperial examination and the decline of official schools, Chinese ancient academy became a training institution instead of official schools in Qing Dynasty. At the same time, the function of academic research has been lost. Chinese ancient academy reformed its teaching content and form according to the change of the society. Academy reforming and creating modern colleges were the two important measures that have been taken in the reform of Chinese modern education. As a result, more and more new colleges have been founded and academy became less naturally. Finally, modern colleges replaced academy.The reforms of academy in Hunan province have gone through two different stages in late Qing Dynasty. Before1895AD, attaching importance to the use of learning was the feature of colleges reformation in this period, Jiaojing College and Yuanshui College were this kind of colleges. After1895AD, imitating western modern colleges and studying Chinese ancient literature were the measures that have been taken in academy reformation. It made the colleges have a new present. The foundation of ShiWu College marks the foundation of modern college of Hunan province. The one Hundred Days’Reform and New Policy Reform of late Qing Dynasty made Hunan’s modern colleges develop rapidly. As a result, the system of modern colleges in Hunan has been formed and it laid the foundation for the development of Hunan’s modern education.The features of the relationship between the academy and the college in Hunan showed in the period of Hundred Days’Reform and New Policy Reform of late Qing Dynasty. In the period of Hundred Days’Reform, academy reforming and creating modern college has the same effect in cultivating talents at that time and the only difference between them was the name. In the period of New Policy Reform of late Qing Dynasty, with the development of the society, Chinese academy could not cultivate the students that the country needed and blocked the foundation of modern colleges, so the gap between them appeared gradually. Finally, they became complementary through the reform of Chinese academy. The new modern colleges of this period which inherited the asset, teaching contents and teaching target of Chinese academy, absorbing teaching forms, methods and ideas of the Western colleges, reflected the new characteristics of modern education.