| Jin Dynasty was established by minority regime of Jurchen inChinese history. After many years fighting against Liao and Song, itsterritory had reached to the north bank of Huai River ultimately. Sincealong the Huai River as the boundary with the Nan Song Dynasty, theYellow River was fully integrated into the Jin territory. In order to governthe rivers and water conservancy affairs in its own territory, the centralgovernment and local governments of Jin Dynasty set up a series of waterconservancy institutions.The central government of Jin Dynasty basically continued to usethe water conservancy agency which set up in Tang and Song dynasties.The Shangshu Province consisted of Gongbu and Dushuijian. However,Gongbu did not consist of any specific divisions to administer the water conservancy at Jin Dynasty. As the only specialized institutions,Dushuijian became the highest administrative institution in charge ofwater conservancy affairs at Jin Dynasty. This modification reducedburdensome departments, and to some extent, improved the efficiency ofthe operation. Except Gongbu and Dushuijian, the Caoyun departmentwas set up to administer the Caoyun system, and the Hubu，Tixiadepartment was responsible for the farmland water conservancy affairs.Thus, every aspect related to the water conservancy had the responsibleinstitutions.Water monitoring are largely responsible for the Jin Dynasty assemblesuperior governance, He Fang written statutes, He Fang technicalspecifications, as well as oversee the Jin Dynasty water transport, bridges,roads, and many other aspects. In addition to both water and Industry andthe supervisor, the Jin Dynasty in the water transport water transportdivision of jurisdiction on matters set in farmland water conservancyaffairs by the Ministry, Tixia Division. So that all aspects related to water conservancy appropriate responsible authority. Water monitoring in theJin Dynasty are the most important function is to control flooding on thegolden generation of flood disasters, this golden generation of watermonitoring are proposed diversion governance, the proposal to divert theriver, this proposal is correct and feasible at the time, but Since the JinDynasty ruling conservative central concepts of governance, thisapproach has not been well implemented, so Jin River sufferinggovernance always seen its effect. Although the river suffering fromgovernance no significant results, but Jin Water bodies are watermonitoring summary of the previous generation flood control experience,according to Song Shen Li prepared "He Fang Tong Yee"(Song present)flood of books, combined with the Jin Dynasty flood control He Fang Jincodified experience professional books "He Fang Tong Yi"(Jin present)for the later generation of river management fellowship provides valuableinformation. Meanwhile Jin Du flood water combined experience inprison Zhang Zong Taihe two years (1202) Water in the history of Chinapromulgated the earliest extant He Fang decree, He Fang Jin statutes is a sign of maturity, but also for future generations to develop Hefangstatutes provide a high reference value. Jin Du assemble superior watermonitoring in addition to specialized Water affairs is also involved inshipbuilding, reinforced fortresses along the river, building bridges andother matters.On the local water conservancy governance, Jin Dynasty continuedto use the Bei Song Dynasty’s organization structure by setting up Saosuo.Saosuos were set up along the Yellow, Huai, Qin Rivers, stationed withsoldiers who were responsible for the day-to-day operation of theflood-prevention work. In the continuous practice of river regulations, theJin Dynasty also summarized many laws and specifications of riverregulations. At the same time, Jin Dynasty’s Saogong technologydeveloped forward on the basis of the Bei Song Dynasty, forming a newSaogong technology. This provided the important reference offlood-prevention work governance for future generations, which is anintegral part of an important period in history of China Water Conservancy. |
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