| Xianbei is one of the active nomad peoples in the north of ancient China. It has experienced a long history since its emergence to its migration as well as its growth and powerfulness. Murong Xianbei, Yuwen Xianbei and Duanshi Xianbei are all tribes splited from Ke Bineng Xianbei Tribal Alliance, which existed after Tan Shihuai. Although, at the beginning, Murong tribe was not so powerful as Yuwen and Duanshi, it annexed the two tribes at the end, and even grew into one of the most powerful groups in northeast China at that time. The main reason why Murong Xianbei became powerful and prosperous lies in several aspects. On economics, it attached great importance to the development of agriculture and the arrangement of displaced people. On politics, it improved its system of bureaucracy and developed its feudal regime. On talent selection, it appointed capable people and the Han scholars. On culture, it founded schools and developed education for personnel training. Besides, the personal factor is the good governance by Murong Shi at the beginning. Furthermore, the fact that Murong Shi esteemed Jin as the orthodox also brought it great political and economic benifits. However, despite that Murong Xianbei had the power to unite north China, but it was finally annexed by former Qin. The reason of its decline is the exhaustion of nation power resulted form conflicts inside the hierarchy, the corrupt life of the ruling class, the depletion of national treasury by sheltering too many people, the militaristic policy of the rulers and the political corruption caused by Xianbei military aristocrats who controlled the military power. |
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