Psychological Sense Of Community On Rural Residents: Structure And Measurement

Psychological sense of community has always been the center of the research of community psychology. In both at home and abroad, to prepare for the theme of the psychological sense of community in the scale has a lot of, but use rural residents as the object of the scale preparation is a vacancy. In this paper, the researcher deed rural community in China as object, and try to confirm the understanding and structural characterization on the concepts of community on rural residents, then, constructed a China’s rural residents of community scale, and afterwards, made use of this scale to analyze the current situation and influence factors of the preliminary exploration.The results are shown as follows:(1) The psychological sense of community on rural residents refers to the experience of the rural residents’ attitude to their living villages, this experience including residents’collective identity to their living residence, and the villagers and the village’s sense of attachment to the country and the expect of future development. Its components including collective identity, emotional attachment and inheritance tendency.(2) The dimensions of rural community residents’psychological sense of community was confirmed by qualitative analysis software, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Finally the total number of rural residents of the community scale is17. Among them "the collective identity" dimension includes5items,"the emotional attachment" dimension includes6items,"the inheritance tendency" dimension includes6items. Through reliability analysis and validity analysis the results show that the reliability and validity of the scale are all up to the standard of psychometric. Among them, the scale of the internal consistency coefficient is0.821, internal consistency coefficient of each dimension are among0.636and0.746; the half-split reliability0.739, each subscale’s half-split reliability is between0.665and0.729. The validity analysis results shown, the relevance between each dimension and the whole scale is between0.638and0.820. And the congruent validity between rural residents of psychological sense of community with the rating community is0.267, the congruent validity between rural residents of psychological sense of community with psychological home scale is0.293.(3) The study on rural residents’psychological sense of community established norms standards. The study establish the norms is based on T scores (T=50+10Z), and T score above or below the mean differences to a standard deviation limit respectively for the rural residents of community highest score or low person. And then the typical features of the high and low group are described.(4) This study applied rural community residents’psychological sense of community scale to measured community of level of823rural community residents. In addition, the rural community residents in the assessment of gender, age, employment situation, whether there are differences on demography variables. The results showed that the rural residents in the community level on marital status, educational level, religious belief, live time, average monthly income is there exist significant differences. And in gender, age, residence family variables does not exist significant differences. In addition, the regression analysis results show that:the marital status (divorced, married), residence time (less than1year,1-5years), religion into the regression equation. Among them, the marital status (divorced) variable attributed to the most significant predictive power.