The Influences Of Non-normal Factors In Soviet Previous Power Transfers

This paper deeply researches the highest-level power transfers during the74-year existence of the Soviet Union (from its establishment after the1917October Renovation to its disintegration in1991), explores the abnormal factors, such as the inner-party abnormal political struggles, the inner-party coups among the decision makers and the black-case work by the senior politicians, and analyzes the following sequences of these factors.In the paper, it is highly believed that the Soviet Communist Party has always been barren in a serial of mature mechanism to guarantee the highest-level power transfer finished in a disciplined, democratic and open method. Lenin established his leadership in the long revolution struggle, and preliminarily formed a reasonable thoughts of Democratic Centralism and Democratic Supervision, however all of which had not been implemented effectively after Lenin’s demise. Stalin and Khrushchev both seized the power via the inner-party abnormal political struggle, and arrogated all powers to themselves, which badly jeopardized the inner-part democracy, and was malignant to the stable power transfer. Brezhnev, who gained the power by military coup, carried out a long-term ossified cadre policy, and resulted in a lot of senior vested interests, who occupies the important positions in the party and in the government. This in turn caused the politicians to deviate from the track of serving the people and endangered the governing basis of the Soviet Union. After Brezhnev died, Andropov and Chernenko both had a short-term in power, both of whom are the benefiters of the black-case works by the old politicians, but the old-dominated politics mode has kept lots of young able cadres from entering the highest-level, bad to the sustainable development of the politics. Even so the swearing-in of Gorbachev was still a result of the black-case work. Gorbachev hardly has the comprehensive qualifications for a super power, and his radical reform straightly leads to the collapse of Soviet Union. Soviet’s tragedy has sparked a lot and deserves as a lesson of reference.