The Study Of Reformed People During The Confrontation Period Between The Southern Sung Dynasty And The Chin Dynasty

The "Reformed People" refer to the imigrants who returned from abroad. During the confrontation period between the Southern Sung Dynasty and the Chin Dynasty,"Reformed People" were highly regarded as special group. As to the Southern Sung, the return of large number of reformed people did a great deal enhance the comprehensive power of the country. The Chin came to realize the importance of population from the recruitment of the "Reformed People" by the Southern Sung. This paper consists of three parts:general introduction and the historic characteristics of the "Reformed People", the policy forward the "Reformed People" of the Southern Sung, counter measures taken by the Chin. It is hoped that this paper will help in realizing the "Reformed People" of the Southern Sung.In the period of Jing kang, large scale of emigration was caused by the war. The "Reformed People" recruited the Southern Sung included all walks of life. Hence, it is necessary to classify them into four groups:Official and Intellectual, Imperial Clan, General and Soldier, Civilian. In recruiting the "Reformed People", the Southern Sung authority took it for granted to examine their origin and motive of their return. The Southern Sung and the Chin gradually declined in their confrontation, and the "Reformed People" played different role in each historical stage. In defending the country and in the process of farming, the "Reformed People" played a significant role, while causing great financial burden for the government in the mid Southern Sung, and becoming an upsetting factor in the late period. As to the Chin, the return of the "Reformed People" can be regarded as the sign of the changes in domestic situation.In the settlement of the "Reformed People", a series of policy was adopted to each group, which was quite favourable to them, causing financial burden to the government as well as dissatisfaction from the lacal forces of the South. But the Southern Sung did not have good ways in dealing with the contradiction. While giving favourable treatment to the "Reformed People", the Southern Sung did not trust them, and even worse they sent them back under the pressure from the Chin, resulting the embarrassing situation and hatred of the "Reformed People". With time passing by, the "Reformed People" gradually became one of the focuses of the social contradiction, underlying which were more complicated reasons.In contacting the Southern Sung, the Chin gradually realized the importance of population policy of the Southern Sung, which were either direct or in direct. But there is not denial that through their own efforts, the chin reduced the number of the fleeing population, which was closely related to fendaliztion of Nuzhen.