| BackgroundOffspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are prone to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS) later in life. Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) is an important component of renin-angiotensin system. In addition to the regulation of cardiovascular function, Ang Ⅱ is also strongly associated with insulin sensitivity, diabetes and MetS. But there is no study about the cord blood Ang Ⅱconcentration and its relationship to fetal insulin sensitivity in offspring of mothers with GDM.ObjectiveTo determine cord blood Ang Ⅱ concentration and assess its relationship to fetal insulin sensitivity in the offspring of mothers with GDM at birth.MethodsThirty women with GDM and30healthy women were evaluated at elective cesarean delivery. Cord blood was obtained for measurement of Ang Ⅱ, glucose and insulin. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated and used to estimate fetal insulin sensitivity. Ponderal index (PI) was used to estimate fetal adiposity. ResultsThe GDM group had higher PI, HOMA-IR, cord blood Ang Ⅱ and insulin concentrations than normal glucose group. In all the offspring, cord insulin concentration and HOMA-IR were positively associated with PI, whereas not associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, late pregnancy BMI, blood pressure, fetal sex and gestational age. In GDM group, cord Ang Ⅱ concentration was positively associated with HOMA-IR, whereas not associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, late pregnancy BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, birth weight, PI and cord blood glucose concentration.Conclusions(1) The offspring of mothers with GDM has higher cord blood concentration of insulin and Ang Ⅱ and lower insulin sensitivity at birth.(2) Fetal hyperinsulinemia/decreased insulin sensitivity is associated with fetal adiposity in the offspring of mothers with GDM.(3) Increased cord Ang Ⅱ concentration is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in the offspring of mothers with GDM. |
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