Research On The Comparison Of Tobacco’s Physical And Chemical Properties In Hunan Typical Tobacco Areas

The ecological environmental conditions are the main factors of the quality of tobacco leaves. The ecological condition of Hunan Province is diverse. There is significant difference in the light, temperature, water, heat and topography, soil parent material and agrotype of each tobacco-growing area. Hunan tobacco cultivation is mainly distributed in the ecological regions of southern Hunan and northwestern Hunan, and southern Hunan is mainly to smoke rice revaccination; northwestern Hunan is mainly to mountain planting. The ecological environment of tobacco-growing area is suitable for the growth of tobacco, and it is the important quality flue-cured tobacco producing areas of our country, its production of flue-cured tobacco occupied a important position. This study used the tobacco of western Hunan in different latitude, different tillage mode and different altitude to analyze and compare the difference of physicochemical characteristics of cured tobacco leaf, for providing experimental basis in order to optimize the layout of Hunan tobacco production. The main results of the research are as follows:1. There is a great difference on physicochemical indicators of the tobacco between paddy fields and mountain soil. Among it, the tobacco’s width, weight in removed the stem dry matter and quality of the unit of leaf area in paddy soil all higher than in mountain soil;single leaf weight, stem ratio and water ratio all lower than in mountain soil. The highly stem ratio in mountain tobacco is related to its low water ratio of soil, but opening film degree of tobacco in paddy soil which is better than in mountain tobacco is related to its highly specific retesion of soil. Beside the nicotine and the ratio of potassium to chlorine in paddy soil is lower than in mountain tobacco, other conventional chemical composition is higher than in mountain tobacco. The content of B-carotene and rutin of the tobacco in paddy soil is significantly higher than in mountain tobacco, the content of lutein is significantly lower than in mountain tobacco. There is no significant difference between two kinds of tillage mode on the content of chlorogenic acid of the tobacco 2.. There are significant differences in physicochemical indicators of flue-cured tobacco at different latitudes. Among it, the width and the moisture content of the Sangzhi tobacco leaf in high latitude was significantly greater than in the low latitude Fenghuang and Jingzhou tobacco, but the thickness of tobacco leaf in Fenghuang and Jingzhou significantly higher than in Sangzhi. There are highly significant differences on potassium ion and the difference between the content of total sugar and reducing sugar in conventional chemical indicator, there are significant differences on total sugar and chloridion. The content of potassium ion of the tobacco leaf which in low latitude Jingzhou tobacco-growing area is the highest, followed by the tobacco leaf in high latitude Sangzhi, but the tobacco leaf in Fenghuang is the lowest. The content of B-carotene, lutein and rutin of tobacco in Sangzhi and Fenghuang is higher than in Jingzhou. There is no significant difference on the tobacco of the content of chlorogenic acid in three tobacco-growing areas in different latitude.3. There are great differences on physicochemical indicators of the tobacco in different altitude. Among it, the width of the tobacco of tobacco-growing areas in the altitude of1000-1100m is significantly higher than the altitude of600-700m and800-900m, all the other physical indicators has less obvious difference. The nitrogen and nicotine content of tobacco in high altitude tobacco-growing area is lower compared to low altitude, but ratios of total sugar and betaine and ratio of total nitrogen to total alkaloid of tobacco in high altitude tobacco-growing area is significantly higher than in low altitude, of tobacco in low altitude tobacco-growing area is higher. The content of B-carotene and chlorogenic acid of the tobacco of tobacco-growing areas in the low altitude of600-700m is significantly higher than the tobacco in the altitude of800-900m and1000-1100m, the content of lutein is significantly higher than the tobacco in the altitude of800-900m, the content of rutin is significantly higher than the tobacco in the altitude of1000-1100m.