| To provide reference to the manual cultural technique and rational fertilizer of Pinellia ternata, We have studied the regulation of growth development and accumulation of dry matter and the contents of free total organic acid and guanosine of two typical populations of Pinellia ternata, and using pot experiment and field trail of pinellia teraata(Thunb.)Breit., we have studied the effect of formula fertilization of N, P2O5, K2O on the yield and the contents of free total organic acid and guanosine of two typical populations of Pinellia ternata. Besdides, the effect of different concentration of ZnSO4·7H2O and MnSO4·H2O as foliar fertilizer on the yield and the contents of free total organic acid and guanosine of Taizhou Pinellia ternata have been studied. The result as following:1. Under the same condition of cultivation and management, the trend of dry matter accumulation of various organs of two typical populations of Pinellia ternata were similar, but that can show respective characteristic. Two typical populations of Pinellia ternata, of which growing development rule were not at equal pace. The speed of Xinjiang Pinellia ternata’s growth development was behind the Taizhou Pinellia ternata’s growth; The Taizhou Pinellia ternata bolted earlier, approximately10d after it bolted, the tuber appeared; The Sinjiang Pinellia ternata bolted later, approximately20d after the tuber appeared, the spathe emerged. In the later period of Taizhou Pinellia ternata, the high temperature coercion phenomenon was obvious, perish was earlier, the rate of perish was higher; The resistance ability of high temperature injury of Sinjiang Pinellia ternata was stronger, perish was later even not perish. At autumn development period, bulbil begin to reproduce, the time of seedling of two populations lasted longer and irregular. The bolting rate of Taizhou Pinellia ternata in autumn period was lower than that in spring period. The bolting rate of Xinjiang Pinellia ternata was extremely low in autumn. The yield of two typical populations of Pinellia ternata in autumn were higher than that in summer.2. The contents of free total organic acid and guanosine of two population Pinellia ternata were different, the contents of free total organic acid of Taizhou Pinellia ternata were higher than that of Xinjiang Pinellia ternata, but the contents of guanosine of Taizhou Pinellia ternata were lower than that of Xinjiang Pinellia ternata. The spring compared to autumn, the stage which had highest contents of free total organic acid in tubers of spring were bulbil stage, and that of autumn was sprout tumble stage. The contents of free total organic acid in tubers of sprout tumble stage in summer were higher than that of sprout tumble stage in autumn. The stage which had the highest contents of guanosine of tubers in spring was full seeding stage, and that in autumn was sprout tumble stage. The contents of guanosine in tubers of sprout tumble stage in autumn was higher than that of sprout tumble stage in summer.3. Formula fertilization of N, P2O5, K2O had significant effect on the yield of Pinellia ternata, N had the most significant effect among the three elements of N, P, K on the yield. K was the second important element for the yield, and P with minimal impact.4. By studying the effect of ZnSO4·7H2O on the yield and the contents of free total organic acid and guanosine of Pinellia ternata, we find that zinc sprayed on leaves can increase the content of photosynthetic pigment and improve the capability of photosynthesis. Meanwhile, spraying zinc can also promote the accumulation of soluble sucrose and starch in the leaves because of its stimulation on aldolase and inhibition on amylase. Moreover, spraying zinc on leaves improves the activity of nitrate reductase and the content of protein at the stage of full seedling. The yield of Pinellia ternata were improved in different degree at the sprout tumble stage. The study also found that the contents of free total organic acid of tubers were significantly higher than the control when the concentration of foliar application of ZnSO4·7H2O over a certain range. Low concentrations of MnSO4·H2O had a certain role of promoting on the synthesis of guanosine.5. Through studying the effect of MnSO4·H2O on the yield and the contents of free total organic acid and guanosine of Pinellia ternata, we find that MnSO4·H20sprayed on leaves can increase the contents of photosynthetic pigments, meanwhile, the activities of nitrate reductase were improved, thereby promoting the accumulation of soluble sucrose, starch and protein in the leaves. Moreover, the proper concentration of MnSO4·H2O sprayed on leaves can improve the activities of SOD at the stage of full seedling,. The yield of Pinellia ternata were improved in different degree at the sprout tumble stage. The study also found that the contents of Mn of tubers were improved significantly and the contents of free total organic acid of tubers were significantly higher than the control when the concentration of foliar application of MnSO4·H2O over a certain range. Besides, low concentrations of MnSO4·H2O had a certain role of promoting on the synthesis of guano sine. |
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