| Serial field survey and laboratory analyses were conducted by thisinvestigation to test the contents of exchangeable calcium in3708soiland tobacco samples and the distribution and variation of that werestudied. Take high altitude red soil tobacco-growing areas for an example,the relationship between the exchageable calcium content in soil andcalcium content, potassium content, and magnesium content in flue-curedtobacco leaves were analyzed. And the calcium content and the othermain chemical components as well as sensory evaluation of flue-curedtobacco leaves were also analyzed. Main results were as follows:1.Based on3708soil and tobacco samples in Qujingtobacco-growing areas, the distribution of calcium content in soil andtobacco leave were analyzed. The results indicated that:(1)The content ofsoil exchageable calcium was rich in Qujing tobacco-growing areas, withthe mean of2635.93mg/kg. The mean contents of soil exchageable calcium of Qilin and Fuyuan countries were high, which were3423mg/kg and3151mg/kg; that of Malong country was relatively low, withthe mean of1255mg/kg; that of the other countries were between2000and3000mg/kg;(2)The mean of calcium content in tobacco leave whichwas from0.67%to5.99%was2.37%. The calcium content in Luliangand Qilin were significantly higher than the other countries and that inLuoping, Malong, Xuanwei were significantly lower than the othercountries.2. Based on3708soil samples in Qujing tobacco-growing areas, thevariation of exchageable calcium content in soil were analyzed. Theresults indicated that:(1)The contents of soil exchageable calciumshowed that sandy soil﹥clay soil﹥loamy soil among Soil texturegroups,which were significance of difference; among Soil texture itshowed that sandy loam﹥light clay﹥light loamy﹥dense loam﹥denseclay﹥medium loam﹥medium clay. The contents of exchageable calciumin different Soil texture were from2000to4000mg/kg which in sandyloam were significant highest. And it had negatively significantcorrelation with sand and had positively significant correlation with clay.(2)The contents of soil exchageable calcium showed that gap﹥flat dam﹥channel﹥mountain﹥hill among terrains; among landforms it showedthat paddy field﹥flat land﹥Slope shape on ground﹥platform gentleslope.(3)The contents of soil exchageable calcium showed that newalluvial soil﹥purple soil﹥limestone soil paddy soil﹥red soil﹥yellow soil. In stands of different soil subgroups, the mean contents of soilexchageable calcium of alluvial soil, Black limestone soil periodicalwaterlogged paddy soil, acid purple soil, gleyed paddy soil were above2500mg/kg and the others were from2000to2500mg/kg.3. Take high altitude red soil tobacco-growing areas for an example,the contents of soil exchageable calcium were divided three groups(800-1200mg/kg,1200-2000mg/kg,≥﹥2000mg/kg). Based on100soil samples and tobacco leave samples in this tobacco-growing areas, theexchageable calcium content in soil and calcium content, potassiumcontent, and magnesium content in flue-cured tobacco leaves wereanalyzed. The results indicated that:(1)The mean content of soilexchageable calcium in this tobacco-growing areas was2432.03mg/kglower than the whole tobacco-growing areas within the range from962.70to5775.19mg/kg.(2)Among the groups, as the exchageablecalcium content in soil increased, the potassium content in flue-curedtobacco leaves increased then decreased, calcium content and magnesiumcontent in flue-cured tobacco leaves increased.(3)In different groups,calcium content in flue-cured tobacco leaves and the exchageable calciumcontent in soil had liner positively significant correlations in the range of1200-2000mg/kg,≥﹥2000mg/kg; the potassium content influe-cured tobacco leaves and the exchageable calcium content in soilwhich were in the range of≥﹥2000mg/kg had liner negativelysignificant correlation; the relationship between the magnesium content in flue-cured tobacco leaves and the exchageable calcium content in soilwere not significant.4. Take high altitude red soil tobacco-growing areas for an example,based on100flue-cured tobacco leave samples in this areas, the calciumcontent and the other main chemical components were analyzed. Theresults indicated that:(1)The mean contents of total sugar and reducingsugar were relatively high, the mean contents of total nitrogen, chlorine,nicotine, starch and nutrient elements were suitable.(2)The calcium hadliner negatively significant correlation with total sugar, reducing sugarand starch and had liner positively significant correlation with totalnitrogen and nicotine.(3)Among various nutrient elements, the calciumhad liner positively correlation with phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, iron,boron and molybdenum and had liner negatively correlation withpotassium, chlorine, copper, zinc and manganese. The relationshipsbetween the calcium and potassium, iron, zinc, manganese, boron,molybdenum and phosphorus were significant.5. Take high altitude red soil tobacco-growing areas for an example,based on100flue-cured tobacco leave samples in this areas, divided thecalcium content three groups(1.5%-2.5%,2.5%-3.5%,≥﹥3.5%), thenthe calcium content and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco leaveswere analyzed. The results indicated that:(1)The tobacco leave smokingquality showed medium aroma quality, some sufficient volume of aroma,less offensive odor, slight irritation, some comfortable aftertaste, medium burning quality, gray-white ash color, medium physiological strength,medium taste concentration, very obvious fen-flavor, mediumagglomerating ability, medium dryness sensation, medium softness, noobvious sweetness.(2)As the calcium content is above3.5%, the lowestscore of aroma quality, volume of aroma, offensive odor, irritation,aftertaste, burning quality, ash color, agglomerating ability, drynesssensation and the higest scroe of physiological strength and tasteconcentration appeared; as the calcium content is in the range from2.5%to3.5%, the higest scroe of aroma quality, volume of aroma, aftertaste,burning quality appeared; as the calcium content is in the range from1.5%to2.5%, the higest score of offensive odor, irritation, ash color,aroma type, softness, sweetness appeared.(3)The calcium had linerpositively correlation with taste concentration and had liner negativelycorrelation with aroma quality, volume of aroma, irritation, aftertaste, ashcolor, aroma type, agglomerating ability, burning quality, drynesssensation, physiological strength, offensive odor, sweetness and softness.The realationships between calcium content and aroma quality, volume ofaroma, irritation, aftertaste, ash color, aroma type and were significant. |
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