Silimilarity Analysis Of Different Tobacco Grades And Tobacco Quality Evaluation Of Main Tobacco-Growing Areas

On the basis of 40 degrades of flue-cured tobacco leaves,the difference of appearance quality,chemical components,physical properties and inherence quality was studied for different grades among different positions.And silimilarity of tobacco quality for different grades at the same area,and same grade at different areas was also analyzed.The results were as follows:(1)40 tobacco grades could be divided into 4 groups according to the leaf positions.Group 1 was lower leaves included X1L～X4L and X1F～X4F;group 2 was cutters included C1L～C3L and C1F～C3F;group 3 was upper leaves included B1L～B4L,B1F～B4F and B1R-B3R;group 4 consisted of other type leaves.The mean square among clusters was sinificantly bigger than random error,and reached 1%level for indexes of appearance quality,chemical components and the inherence quality.The mean square among clusters was sinificantly smaller than random error for index of physical properties,and shared a small weight in tobacco quality evaluation.(2)Cluster analysis was conducted for the integrate indexes of appearance quality,chemical components,physical properties and inherence quality of four groups of 40 grades.11 grades of the upper leaves were classified into 3 groups:the first group included 5 grades of B1L,B2L,B3L,B1F and B2F;the second group included 2 grades of B4L and B3F;the third group included 4 grades of B4F,B1R,B2R and B3R.The below leaves 8 grades departed 3 kinds,the first group included 4 grades of X1L,X2L,X2F and X1F;the second group included 2 grades of X3L and X3F;the third group included 2 grades of X4L and X4F.The central leaves 6 grades were classified into 2 groups,the first group included 2 grades of C2L and C3L,the second group included 4 grades of C1L,C1F,C2F and C3F.The other grade leaves were more complex than the before three groups of tobacco leaf,including different positions,colors,maturation and so on.With the method of sum square of deviation from mean,these different grades were divided into 3 groups:group 1 included H1F,H2F,C3V,and B2V;group 2 included CX1K, B1K,S1,X2V,B3V and GY1;and group 3 included CX2K,B2K,S2,B3K and GY2.(3)Clustering analysis on the appearance quality index,chemical components index,physical properties index,inherence quality index and the integrate quality index of common use degrades of 25 common grades,the arts prescription could made grade substitute according this.The 25 grades' total quality index could devided into 4 groups,group 1 included X1L,X2L,X3L,X1F,X2F,X3F,B3L,B4L,B3F, B4F,B1R,B2R and B3R,group 2 included X4L and X4F,group 3 included C1L, C1F and C2F,group 4 included C2L,C3L,C3F,B1L,B2L,B1F and B2F.All the tobacco sum square among clusters is bigger than mean square random error,which has achieved significant or extremely significant level,which explained its classification is reasonable.In the cigarette formula design process,we may has the criterion to select the substitution rank according to the quality request.The x~2 examination has all achieved significant or extremely significant level when distinction analysis on many index.According to the different union index selected, we know that the distinction on the three unit index which select from appearance, physical properties and chemical composition,except C3F(original 4th kind of adjustment for 3rd kind),the surplus 24 ranks was not by wrong judgment,the right rate may achieve 98%.(4)The four tobacco areaes included 11 provinces,the south-west tobacco area including yun nan,gui zhou,si chuan and thong qing provinces,got 342 tobacco samples,9 chemical components in four grades reached significant or special significant level.South-middle tobacco area included hubei and hunan provinces,93 tobacco samples,9 chemical components,except chlorine,potassium and chlorine ratio,the other chemical components reached significant or special significant level in the four grades.South-east tobacco area included Fu jian and Guang dong provinces, 75 tobacco samples,9 chemical components except total N,chlorine and potassium and chlorine ratio,the other chemical components reached significant or special significant level in four grades.Huang huai tobacco area included Henan,Shan dong and An hui provinces,95 tobacco samples,9 chemical components except potassium, chlorine,potassium and chlorine ratio,the other chemical components reached significant or special significant level in four grades.(5)Compared the same grade in different tobacco areas,drawed conclusions: there hasn't significant difference of B2F in nicotine,the rate of sugar to nicotine and nitrogen to nicotine in the four big tobacco areas,the total sugar,reducing sugar,the potassium,the chlorine and the K/CL had achieved significant or special significant level.The content of total sugar and reducing sugar in B2F content hasn't reached significant difference in south-west tobacco area and south-east tobacco area,so it was with central south and Huanghuai tobacco area.To K~+ content,south-east is the highest,to CL~- content,Huanghuai is the highest;to K/CL,central south is the highest. There hasn't special difference of C2F in nicotin,the rate of sugar to nicotine,total nitrogen,the rate of nitrogen to nicotine and chlorine in the four big tobacco areas,the total sugar,reducing sugar,the potassium,and the K/CL had reached significant or extremely significant level.The content of total sugar and reducing sugar in C2F hadn't reached remarkable difference in southwest and southeast tobacco area,so the central south is the highest.There hasn't significant difference of C3F in nicotine,rate of sugar to nicotine,total nitrogen,rate of nitrogen to nicotine in the four big tobacco areas,the total sugar,reducing sugar,the potassium,the chlorine and the K/CL had achieved significant or extremely significant level,to total sugar content,the south-east is the highest,but it hadn't reached significant difference level in south-east and south-west tobacco area.To reducing sugar content and K/CL,central south area is the highest,to the content of K~+,south-east is the highest,to the content of CL~-, Huanghuai is the highest.There hasn't reached significant difference of X2F in nicotine,total nitrogen,the rate of nitrogen to nicotine and chlorine in the four big tobacco areas,the other chemical components had achieved significant or extremely significant difference,total sugar,reducing sugar,the rate of sugar to nicotine, potassium content of south-east is the highest,the rate of K/CL in central south tobacco area is the highest.(6)To make a synthesis appraisal of C3F chemical components we adopt the principal components analysis method in multiple analysis,calculated the score of each sample after gathering 152 samples,according to the score points after cluster analysis,we can divided it into 4 big groups,among these clusters,south-west tobacco area accounts for the higher percentage.In the first group,the percentage of south-west tobacco area is 45.7%,Huanghuai tobacco area's percentage is quite low, the sample of which is less,just Fei city in shan dong province.In the second group, south-west and Huanghuai tobacco area accounts for 50%respectively,there was no sample to be divided in this group from central south tobacco area and south-east tobacco area.The percentage of south-east and Huanghuai tobacco area in the third group didn't have obvious difference,the percentage of south-west tobacco area account for is still the highest.In the fourth group of tobacco leaf sample,there has no sample to be this group from south-east tobacco area,the percentage of central south tobacco area is the smallest,while in southwest tobacco area,the percentage is still the highest.