Study Of Ecological Landscape Reconstruction Of Northeast Coal Gangue Waste Land

Nearly half a century, the reform of coal gangue waste land receives significant attention of the countries all over the world. In China, now has basically formed the system of ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue waste land. But because of the gap of social and economic between our country and the developed countries, the domestic research on coal gangue waste land behind the advanced level, the recovery mode and technology of the abandoned coal gangue are not mature, lack of the scientific system. In the reform of coal gangue waste land, ecological landscape reconstruction occupies an important position.The landscape planning and design with the development of ecological can improve the problems of ecological environment on this land radically, and it also can give full play to the value of landscape in the coal gangue waste land and show the special artistic value of coal gangue waste land. In northeast area of China, Coal resources developed and high output, the recovery of the construction of coal gangue waste land is still on a backward level, so the study on ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue waste land has important demonstration significance in the northeast area of China.This paper through the method of combining investigation and analysis of the literature, from the macroscopic grasp the concept and connotation of coal gangue ecological landscape. Summarized the current situation of the coal gangue waste land from theory and practice, at home and abroad. And at the same time through component analysis of the northeast area coal gangue landscape ecological reconstruction, influence factors, reconstruction foundation, ecological landscape planning and design presents technical methods and planning design ideas for the northeast area, aimed at provide the theoretic basis and practical experience of ecological landscape reconstruction work of coal gangue waste land, especially on the north land of China.Through the research, the paper draws the following conclusions:1. Analysis the composition and function of ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue waste land, including the reconstruction of the land surface landscape, the reconstruction of the vegetation landscape, the reconstruction of the vegetation landscape and flat land ecological landscape reconstruction. Comprehensive theoretical knowledge, include:the Ecology, the landscape, the environmental psychology, study on the influence of mining industry environment, soil characteristics,climate characteristics on the influence of the plant landscape, Clear the basic composition of northeast ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue, and characteristic factors. Confirm the breakthrough point of the study of ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue waste land, it is based on view of ecology from multiple disciplines, use the technology of ecological restoration to build modernity, practical and with characteristics northeast ecological landscape of coal gangue waste land.2. Clear and analysis of the main content of northeast ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue waste land, including:First, out of the investigation and analysis of the main contents and the general improvement measures of the coal gangue soil properties, Summarizes the soil problems and corresponding improvement method. Used in practice, in Lingbei, the soil structure is not stable, the ability in water is poor, total N, K, all the content is low, and the soil is weak alkali. Should use organic, chemical fertilizers, HSO4-adjust soil alkaline, and the replace with out-soil turns the soil to improve soil conditions;.Second,put forward the gangue lands of the classification of the site type significance, principles, main basis and the general method of division, analysis the different function of site type of the landscape, clear the relationship of site classification and landscape. Use the both in practice,according to the different time of discharging the coal gangue, divided the waste land in Lingbei into four types, and analysis the potential of landscape of these types, make full use of potential function of coal gangue landscape.Third use vegetation resources characteristics in northeast China, puts forward the northeast region ecological landscape reconstruction of gangue lands vegetation screening principle. That is both the ecological and economic benefits, follow the ecology principle, the choice has strong drought resistance, cold resistance, resistance to pollution, such as the characteristics of poor local plants. Use this principle, through on-the-spot investigation, there are42plants that belong to18plant family in the coal gangue waste land of Lingbei, most of the plants are herbal. Choose more than50woodyplant and30herbaceous plants. At the same time, puts forward the characters in the plant landscape in functional division, the space around the way, planting in northeast coal gangue lands.3. Put forward the characteristics and main points of northeast ecological landscape design, Put forward overall target, as well as to the3R of design principles mainly.4. Relying on ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue land in Lingbei, the actual project to demonstrate those issues, analysis the soil matrix, coal gangue site type, plant status and screening, and put forward ecological landscape recovery plan.5. Through the research of theory and practice, draw the basic system of northeast ecological landscape reconstruction of coal gangue waste land. That is Lands analysis—Land reclamation—Vegetation restoration—Ecological landscape planning and design. Hope for providing foundation of the future research.