Synthesis And Characterization Of Novel Photosensitizer Phthalocyanine

Phthalocyanine is an ancient organic dye, which dates back to the lastcentury. Since1907, people discovered phthalocyanine for the first time, itsexcellent physical and chemical properties have become the hotspot of scientificresearch. After one hundred years of development, people have deeperunderstanding of phthalocyanine compounds and try to seek new ways tosynthesis more kinds of phthalocyanine compounds by continuouslyexperimental study. People hope to improve its water solubility, lipophilicity andphotoelectric properties by modifying the phthalocyanine compound and try toexpanse the application of it in production practice, such as photocatalysissewage treatment, oil desulfurization, as photoelectron material and applied tophotodynamic therapy and so on.At present, phthalocyanine have some advantages,such as chemicallystable, simple synthetic method, absorption wavelength of600nm-700nm lightis porphyrin20-50times, non-toxic, selectively retention in tumor tissue andstrong lethality to the tumor but less effect on the surrounding normal tissue. Soit caused broad attention by applied in the photodynamic therapy for thetreatment of cancer as the second kind of photosensitizer. But mostphthalocyanines that we have synthesised have lower solubility, thus greatlyreduce the scope of its application. On one hand it is not conducive to convertthem into liquid injection agent, on the other hand, it is not conducive to thedrug delivery in the organism. Therefore, we usually introduce various hydrophilic, lipophilic or two amphipathic groups on the large ring ofphthalocyanine to change its steric hindrance, aggregation, solubility andphotoelectric stability, so as to change the photosensitive property ofphthalocyanine and improve the uptake rate on cancer cells and tumor tissue. Sothis paper is try to enhance the affinity of phthalocyanine with tumor cell and toimprove uptake rate of phthalocyanine photosensitizer on cellular by modifyingphthalocyanine. So it is imperative for us to search for a better photosensitivityof phthalocyanine and appliy in clinical trials.The first chapter briefly introduce the physical and chemical properties, thesynthesis method, the history and application of phthalocyanine. And we alsodescribe phthalocyanine as the second generation photosensitizer and itsapplications in photodynamic therapy for cancer in detail. Finally we putforward to objective, method and significance of the research.The second chapter introduce the synthesis of a new type of amidophthalocyanine compounds which have a better affinity to tumors and analysisthe phthalocyanine compound by IR, UV spectrum characterization andelemental analysis, we confirme the generation of the phthalocyanineThe third chapter introduce the synthesis of amphiphilic phthalocyaninewitch contains two different groups. The phthalocyanine is synthesised by4-(N-methoxy adjacent benzene two methane-imide) phthalonitrile respectively with4-(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-eight fluorine amoxide) phthalonitrile,4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane propoxy) phthalonitrile. By comparison of IR, UVcharacterization and elemental analysis, we confirme the generation of the phthalocyanine.The fourth chapter introduce the synthesis of an amphoteric phthalocyaninewith the lactic acid as the raw material, and it has good hydrophilic lipophilicproperties. We analyze the phthalocyanine compound by IR, UV spectra andelemental analysis and prove to generate the phthalocyanine compound.Through orthogonal experiment test we optimize the experiment process anddetermine the optimal reaction time and the optimal reaction temperature.The fifth chapter summarize the thesis and elaborated the prospect ofphthalocyanine in photodynamic application.