| Lycopene is a natural pigment, which widely exists in nature, and it is one kind ofcarotenoids. Because it is an aliphatic hydrocarbon, so it hardly can dissolve in polarsolvents. Lycopene can effectively eliminate the free radicals. And it has lots ofbiological effects, such as, delaying aging, enhancing human immunity, prevention ofcancer, inhibiting cancer and so on. The lycopene products are fat soluble system, sothey can difficultly soluble in water-soluble and non lipid water dispersion of foodapplications. This issue uses the ultrasonic saponification technology to improve thecontent of lycopene, which is in lycopene oleoresin. Then uses the microemulsification technique of fat soluble lycopene to preparate good water solubilitylycopene microemulsion, which is good water solubility, strong stability and redclarify transparent. The main researches are as follow.1. Determine the optimum process conditions for ultrasonic saponification:potassium hydroxide/oleoresin0.6823, ultrasonic saponification temperature52℃,ultrasonic saponification time2.2hours, and the lycopene content is54.31%.2. Determine the optimum formula for lycopene microemulsion: Throught theexperiments, selected limonene oil as oil reagent, Tween-80as emulsifier, ethanol andglycerol as cosurfactants. The oil phase contains lycopene oleoresin, limonene oil,ethanol and tween-80; lycopene oleoresin/limonene oil1:12, limonene oil/ethanol/tween-801:1:2; water phase contains glycerine and water, glycerine/water1:3; oilphase/water phase6:4. Eventually, this paper can prepare lycopene microemulsion.3. Using normal temperature static, centrifugal, freezing and thawing to observewhether lycopene microemulsion stratificates. The results of the experiment show thatlycopene microemulsion is hierarchical and has good stability. Carry on experimentsto verify the influence of light, temperature, pH value, food additives and metal ionson the lycopene, which exists in microemulsion. The results of experiments show that,the lycopene is sensitive to light, and it is sensitive to temperature, because the brightlights and high temperature easily make lycopene decomposition; and it is unstableunder acidic conditions, but stable under the alkaline condition; the impact of foodadditives on it is not big, so should add just the right amount; iron ions and copperions can destroy the lycopene very significantly, sodium, potassium, magnesium,calcium, zinc and aluminum ions affect on lycopene not obviously, even have a protective effect, especially calcium ions.4. The results of experiments show that the lycopene microemulsion has goodantioxidation ability. On DPPH free radical scavenging effect is very obvious, whenlycopene content is5.313μg/ml, the free radical scavenging rate amounts can be50%,and the scavenging effect is better than that of BHT; lycopene micro emulsion onhydroxyl radical scavenging effect is stronger than vitamin C removal effect, whenlycopene content in17.3μ g/ml the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate reached50%;oxidation resistance of lycopene microemulsion on lard is better than that of Vc.5. Through giving mouse lycopene sample by mouth for30days, the red blood cellSOD activity and GSH-Px activity in blood of the tested sample groups of mice testedsample groups of mice were significantly higher than in the model group; afterbromination of benzene making model, the content of MDA in liver of tested samplegroup was significantly lower than that of model group; the SOD activity andGSH-Px activity of mice liver tissue of tested sample groups were significantly higherthan that in the model group. The lycopene microemulsion has srong antioxidantability in vivo.6. Carry on lycopene microemulsion toxicological experiment, the results show thatby feeding in healthy mice, calculate the half lethal dose is large than20000mg/kg,the lycopene microemulsion is nontoxic product. |
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