Small And Medium-sized Reservoir Dam Emergency Shelters Selection Based On GIS

Dam break accident caused a serious threat to people’s property loss in China. Since1954, the total number of dam break accidents is more than37000. Most of the dam-break accidents belonged to small reservoirs, which was related to the small reservoirs’ low standard, poor quality and weak management. Improving the prediction level of dam-break accident, building an evaluation system of flood risk, establishing reasonable regional flood emergency plan and enhancing the ability of resisting flood dam are the prominent problems that the water conservancy department in China currently need to solve during the flood control and disaster mitigation process. This paper preliminarily established the selection criteria of emergency shelter of the dam break according to the effectiveness, safety and accessibility evaluation index of the Geography Information System (GIS) technology. Through scientific calculation, the result became more accurate and objective. To store the data of existing water administrative department, transportation department, civil protection system and its downstream areas was convenient to information retrieval and could make the government handle emergency situation in time.This paper mainly through collected the hydrology data and geographic information data,by applying the dam water conservancy model,Numerical simulation of dam-break event occurs in the breach width,flow time,burst and flood flow.And use GIS10.0software to draw the downstream residents,get the inundated flood areas.According to the three principles of evaluating shelter established the multi-objective evaluation matrix.Applied mathematics model on normalized processing,empowerment,calculate the grey correlation degree of each place,fanally get the best refuge sites.The main contents are as follows:(1)Using the current comprehensive,detailed DAMBRK model,model simulation of dam-break flood process:Cascade reservoir downstream river flood wave movement.Simulate dam-break hole shape,the peak flood process arrival time and Inbound flood process line based on MATLAB software.To provide a scientific basis for the selection of dam shelters.(2) According to the evaluation of shelter accessibility,safety,effectiveness of the three principles.Established the three levels,eight evaluation factors evaluation index system.Scientific and detailed to evaluate the known shelters.(3)Using GIS technology to make the downstream areas of dam would be drowned.Build river maps in ARCGIS10.0software.Identify each site location and Combined with ARCGIS network topology analysis,path calculation function to calculate the specific numerical evaluation indexes.determined the evaluation matrix.(4)Using the entropy weight method to determine evaluation index weights and the grey correlation analysis method to calculate the evaluation result,finally sort by correlation degree,get the best shelters.