Quaternary Soil Characteristics In China-Climate Transfer Function To Establish And Ancient Climate Reconstructions

In order to predict the future,we should understand the past.At present, the paleoclimatematerial are loess-paleosol sequence of deep-sea sediments, lake sediments and ice cores.Paleosols developing in the Quaternary sediments is widely used for paleoclimaticinterpretation. Because its buried time is short, well preserved, widely distributed, easyrecognition by scholars of the pro-gaze.Quaternary Paleosols studies have focused on theLoess Plateau region and the south of the Yangtze River in China, but northeast is less.Paleosol is also widely distributed in the west of Liaoning Province in Northeast of China, butpaleoclimate research is less, predecessors from the perspective of stratigraphy to explore, andthe lack of typical sedimentary sequence which can be compared with the loess paleosols.Paleosol sequence at Fenghuang Mountain of western Liaoning Province is a sedimentarythickness point and more ancient soil profile, its discovery provides the possibility ofresearching paleoclimate in western of Liaoning area.Predecessors have researched itsdeveloping characteristics and grain-size characteristics of the paleosol sequence atFenghuang Mountain, obtaining the ancient climate has experienced a number of fluctuationsof western Liaoning Province since420,000years, and can be divided into four warm andhumid with four cold and dry stage.But they do not expand quantitative research for itsclimate elements.Domestic and foreign studies have shown that paleosol in a variety ofalternative indicators can be used to quantitatively reconstructing paleoclimate elements.Inorder to quantitatively reconstructing paleoclimate,domestic and foreign scholars use thegeochemical elements, paleoclimate indicator of total iron, carbonate deposition depth,calcium tuberculosis oxygen isotopes, magnetic susceptibility to inversion, and a function ofthe above indicators to reconstructing climatic factors.In this study, we choose field trips sampling, laboratory experimentsand data analysis.Modern soil characteristics developing in the Quaternary sediments such as the rednessdegree,iron contentand of topsoil and soil development indicators and local climatic factorsestablish transfer function,and used in the paleosol sequence at Fenghuang Mountain in the west of Liaoning Province, in order to drawing quantitative elements of the ancient climate inthe west of Liaoning since42million years. The results show that:1. Soil developmentindicators of the CIA and the annual rainfall was positively correlated,（K₂O+Na₂O）/Al₂O₃and an average annual temperature was negatively correlated.Through the establishment ofthe mathematical model, the soil development index CIA and （K₂O+Na₂O）/Al₂O₃can beused to restrict mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature since42million years.2.Ancient climate change in Western Liaoning Province performance the globalcharacteristics by the impact of global climate change. The west of Liaoning province hasexperienced8temperature and humidity, dry and cold climate fluctuations since420,000years.In temperature and humidity stage: geological ages from71to148ka BP, mean annualprecipitation is1128.21¹294.02mm and mean annual temperature is16.12¹6.6℃; From176to208ka BP, mean annual precipitation1231.43mm and mean annual temperature16.05℃; From225ka BP to243ka BP,mean annual precipitation1302.73mm and meanannual temperature16.54℃; From311ka BP to403ka BP,mean annual precipitation1184.55¹277.16mm and mean annual temperature15.65¹6.64℃. Cold and dry phases:from148to176ka BP, mean annual precipitation640.49⁶82.09mm and mean annual temperature8.49⁹.13℃; From208to225ka BP,mean annual precipitation642.54⁷31.42mm and meanannual temperature10.14¹1.55℃; From143to311ka BP,mean annual precipitation517.24⁶69.08mm and mean annual temperature9.18¹2.20℃; From403to423ka BP,mean annual precipitation523.92⁵74.42mm and mean annual temperature10.62¹1.05℃.3.Numerical characteristics of mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature ofwestern Liaoning Province since420,000years pompare to zonal soils，we can roughlydetermine the soil type of the development of each period:71¹48ka BP and176²08kaBP is isred soil type;148¹76ka BP and208²25ka BP is the brown type;225²43kaBP is cinnamon soil type;243³11ka BP and403⁴23ka BP is cinnamon soil type;311⁴03kaBP is the brown type.