Effects Of Human Disturbance To Plant Diversity And Soil In Malun Grassland

Shanxi Luya Mountain Nature Reserve is located in the north of Lvliang mountains in Shanxi province. The geographical coordinates is east longitude111°50’to112°5’, north latitude38°35’to38°45’. Ma Lun prairie is located in the South of Luya Mountain near He Ye Ping. The region is high in vegetation cover rate and the stability of ecological system. This paper selects Ma Lun prairie in Shanxi Luya Mountain Nature Reserve as a study area. The survey focuses on Qiao Jia Wa village parking lot to the both sides of Ma Lun prairie near Luya Mountain. Researchers studied the plant diversity and chemical properties of soil in the area with research methods of field investigation and laboratory analysis. The research shows that:(1) By setting the plot on the regional anthropogenic disturbance for species composition of plant community were investigated in this study. Research founds that as the jamming level decreases, the number of plant branch in this area showing increased at first and then remained stable trend, the number of species and genera showing increased first and then decreased, the number of families varies greatly from the extremely affected zone to severely affected zone, the branch number unchanged from the effects of moderate and mild effect. Study shows that with mild and moderate interference of human disturbance on plants the plant branch number is not affected, particularly in mild disturbance, the plant branch number reach maximum, while in severe interference, the number of plants has a dramatic reduction. Since the feedback mechanisms of the plant after disturbance is not the same, Carex rigescens under different disturbance mild are dominant species; some plants in severe disturbance are companion species which become the dominant species in communities as the interference mild reduce, such as Ligularia sibirica and Ligularia przewalskii.With the disturbed degree reduced, coverage gradually increased. According to life the regional plant is divided into3functional types.1years’ herbaceous, perennial herbs and shrubs. On the perennial herbaceous plants,accounted for75.61%of all species, annual and shrubs account for a small proportion is24.49%of the total species. Along with the human disturbance degree increasing, perennial herb appears downtrend, but shrubs are not changed. The main trend of annual plant in the changes is weakened in proportion to reduce interference, but in the mild disturbances is different(2) By setting the plot on the regional anthropogenic disturbance to plant diversity, the study show that in the mild disturbance conditions, the plant diversity index in the area is maximum, in extremely severe disturbance conditions, plant diversity index in the area is minimum. It explains that for the regional plants, a slight disturbance is favor of the regional plant diversity index increased. In extremely severe disturbance conditions, the regional plant diversity index decreased greatly, other intensity interference conditions, the region plant diversity index also increased. The similarity coefficient of plant community under mild disturbance and not disturbed is maximum. In extremely severe disturbance and without disturbance, plant community similarity coefficient is minimum, with strong interference enhanced, plant similarity coefficient in the plant community become smaller and smaller.(3) Through the determination of soil moisture, soil organic matter, soil porosity,it indicates that with the disturbed degree reducing:soil moisture content increases and the content of organic matter in soil with the distance from the road increase at first, then exhibits a reduced tendency, then increase, Soil porosity with the distance to road increased gradually increases.