Forest Vegetation Diversity And Influence Of Anthropogenic Disturbance In The Mountainous Area Of West Lake In Hangzhou

Secondary forest in mountainous areaof West Lake was well developed and conserved. 12 transects and 32 common plots were estabilished in this area. Based upon survey of vegetation in mountainous area of West Lake, the features of vegetation and influence of anthropogenic disturbance on forest community were studied in the present paper. 1 ,Vegetation types in mountainous area of West Lake4 groups of vegetation type, 7 vegetation types, 14 formation groups and 25 formations were present in mountainous area of West Lake, according to taxonomic approach and divisory principle in Vegetation of China and Forest of Zhejiang. Evergreen broad-leaved forest was zonal vegetation in this area, many deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest could also be found because of extreme lower temperature in winter. 367 species are identified, among which 6 belonging to 6 genera in 4 families were gymnosperm, 22 belonging to 13 genera in 9 families were fern, 339 belonging to 22 genera in 88 families were angiosperm. 2,Forest community structure in mountainous area of West Lake and anthropogenic disturbanceThe forest in mountainous area of West Lake were obviously divided into: arborous layer, shrub layer, herbaceous layer, liane and aerophyte. Forest community structure and features were affected significantly by anthropogenic disturbance according to changes of community characteristic parameter after disturbance, and average tree height, average DBH, stocking density present similar orderliness when affected by the same disturbance type;According to vertical structure of arborous layer, large-scale building and tea garden made heavier influence to the edge of forest, and walking road, highroad made smaller influence to the forest but larger range;garden made the heavest influence to the forest. The effect of disturbance not only related to types but also many other factors.3,Species diversity of forest community in mountainous area of West Lake and anthropogenic disturbanceBroad-leaved and coniferous mixed forest had the highest species diversity of arborous layer among various vegetations , and evergreen broad-leaved forest were the lowest. Species diversity of shrub layer were comparative;Species diversity of herbaceous layer in deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreendeciduous broad-leaved mixed forest were the highest. Species richness and diversity of arborous layer were higher than herbaceous layer but lower than shrub layer in various vegetations except deciduous broad-leaved forest at vertical structure. Species richness, species diversity and evenness were affect by anthropogenic disturbance. Species richness of three layers in highroad disturbed forest was the highest, contrarily, tea garden was the lowest. According to the effect after disturbance, highroad and garden made less influence compared to others. 4^ Plant guild of forest community in mountainous area of West Lake and anthropogenic disturbanceThe plant guild divided into six types: growth form, life form, fruit types and leaf characteristics, shade tolerance and pollination styles based on morphologic, physiology and physics. Mesophyte, entomophila, phaenerophyta, simple leaf dominated in the forest. In growth form, arbor, small tree and shrub dominated. In fruit type, drupe, berry and capsule dominated;percentage of entire and non-entire were similar, so was the evergreen and deciduous;in leaf texture, Orthophyll and Sclerophyll were the most;and in life form, MaPh, MePh, MiPh and LPh are the most. The plant guild remains the high diversity and similarity in various vegetations except baboo forest, but there were some differences between each other. After disturbance, therophytes had more chance presenting at the edge of forest and percentage of liana was higher at the edge of forest. After anthropogenic disturbance, some species might heavly influenced, but the structure of plant guild kept similarity because of existence of other species which have the same function, then the forest keep the originally function.