The Primary Study On The Lichen Flora Of Mt. Leigong,Guizhou

Lichens are composite organisms consisting of a symbiotic organism composed of a fungus(themycobiont) with a photosynthetic partner (the photobiont or phycobiont),Because of itssensitive to air pollution, lichen can be regarded as a monitor of the pollution. It is more sensitivethan vascular plant to environmental change. The component of lichen species and the change ofquantity of one area is the indictor of the variety of ecosystem. And the study of the Flora plays animportant part to the natural protection of Mt. Leigong.The study is based on the specimens deposited in Lichen Section of Botanical Herbarium,Shandong Normal University (SDNU). More than 1200 specimens are comprehensive studied withmultiple methods involve morphology, anatomy, chemistry, geography. Chemistry study uses colorreaction test (CT), Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Microcrystal Test (MCT). On the basisof the identification results of all specimens examined, 145 taxa are reported, including 1 species newto science: Herpothallon weii; 1 genera new to China: Herpothallon; 8 species new to China:Fissurina elaiocarpa、Lecanora concilianda、L. stramineoalbida、L. subrugosa、L. sulcata、Leptogium platynum、Porpidia soredizodes、Phaeographina celata；and 22 genera new to theprovince: Anaptychia、Bacidia、Bryoria、Caloplaca、Cetreli、Diorygma、Fissurina、Hemithecium、Herpothallon、Heterodermia、Hypotrachyna、Myelochora、Ochrolechia、Parmotrema、Phaeographis、Porina、Porpidia、Pseudocyphellaria、Punctelia、Sticta、Thecaria、Verrucaria；105 species new to the province.Though the analysis of the lichen which is distributed in different altitude and habitat, theauthor found: There are 4 types of lichens according to vegetalsubstrate: saxicolous lichens(14genus, 44 species), terrestrial lichens(12 genus, 24 species), epiphloeodal lichens(33 genus, 108species), foliicolous lichens (5 genus, 11 species).the characters of the vertical distribution are as following: between 600~1400m, because of theactivity of human being and so on, lichen species number is sparse, there are 15 genus, 54 species;between 1400~1800m, the number of species is abundance, here are 30 genus, 95 species; between1800~2100m, here are 23 genus, 76 species; and above 2100m, lichen species number is verysparse , here are 11 genus, 45 species. The 115 species of lichen flora of Mt. Leigong can be classified into the following 8geographical elements and Eastern Asian can be classified into 3 distribution patterns. Here into,Extensive tropical element(28.6%), Eastern Asian element(16.1%), Boreal element(14.3%)，EastAsian-North American element(10.7%),Temperate element (3.6%), of which Pantropical elementand East Asia element are the most important ones in floristic elements of Mt. Leigong and it alsocorresponds with North American flora. The further study of the lichen flora is muchimportant inphylogenetic evolution of lichen species.The conclusion also proves the flora character upper.