A Study On The External Effect Of The Port

In this paper, the term"the external effect of the port"is proposed and of its connotation to defined. Based on the different spatial scale, the external effect of the port can be divided into the external effect of the port on the city and the external effect of the port on the region. The external effect of the specialized port and the comprehensive port is researched. The conclusion is that the external effect of the specialized port can cause the dual structure of the port and city, and that the external effect of comprehensive port may promote regional integration. It takes Huanghua Port as an example, according to the different stages of development, we research on the external effect of Shenhua Huanghua Port as a coal specialized port and Huanghua Comprehensive Port, and confirm that the existence of significant differences between them.As the port industry chain of Shenhua Huanghua Port is short, it cannot promote the urban and regional economy obviously. The external effect of the port is limited to the vicinity of the port, and the regional central city of Huanghua is still a small city.Huanghua Comprehensive Port spurs the rapid development of port industry, petrochemical, machinery manufacturing, metallurgy industry, electric power, port logistics are initially formed. The industrial structure of Bohai Development Zone and even Cangzhou city will transform to the heavy chemical industry. Huanghua Comprehensive Port breaks the strongholds within the Bohai Development Zone, the city will develop revolving around Huanghua New City. Port as the center, from inside to outside it will form the spatial pattern of port, industrial area and city.Huanghua Comprehensive Port promotes the regional transportation network construction, improves accessibility of hinterland, and helps the development of the regional export-oriented economy. At the same time, cost advantage will be the most powerful weight of Huanghua Comprehensive Port in the competition with ports around the Bohai Sea. The transformation of Huanghua Port will aggravate the competition.