The Current Status, Problems And Suggestions Of The Rural Land Circulation In Wenzhou

Since the policy of reform and open up, with the development of the rural economy, transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, as well as the transference of rural labor force to the secondary industry, tertiary industry and town, the speed of rural land management power circulation ("rural land circulation" for short below) increased, and a trend of scale management in rural land appeared. At present, rural land circulation has been a hot spot of the academic research on rural land issues, and even issues of the agriculture, farmer and rural problems. By using qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, and combining the methods of theory analysis with practice analysis, the historical process, current status and characteristics of Wenzhou farmland transference were summarized, then the existing problems and the profound reasons were analyzed, and the suggestions of promoting rural land circulation in Wenzhou were proposed. These results would provide the support for promoting rural land circulation, realizing agricultural scale operation, and stabilizing the growing area of grain.Wenzhou is a city with a large population and scarce land, and the cultivated land per person is only 0.3 mu. Since the reform and open up, and implement of China's household contractual management system in 1978, rural land circulation appeared in towns with developed family industry and commerce in Wenzhou, then expanded gradually with the development of the family industry and commerce. The historical process of rural land circulation roughly went through four stages, such as burgeon (1980-1985), fast propelling (1986-1996), adjustment(1997-2000)and accelerated development(2001-now). By the end of 2010, the area of land circulation in Wenzhou has reached 74.43 million mu, which occupied 37.05% of circulation area of the household contractual management. In recent years, governments at all levels enhanced the support to the rural land circulation, hence circulation modes were innovated actively in different places of Wenzhou, and the quantity and size of the rural land circulation increased rapidly. At present, the main business mode included village collective dominant mode, village collective contract awarding or bidding mode, intermediary consultation subcontract mode, socialized service mode, and etc. These modes showed multiple features:diversity of land circulation forms with mainly subcontract and rent; disorderly transference of circulation mode with mainly farmers' spontaneous circulation; diversity of circulation object with mostly family farms or professional investors; the instability of the circulation with mostly short and mid-term period; the fluctuation of land circulation price according to market conditions. From the development status, the main effects were concluded as follows:promoting the agricultural scale management and improving the agricultural economic benefit; fastening the transference of rural labor and quickening the pace of farmers' income; promoting agricultural science and technology level, and improving farmers' overall quality; realizing the diversification of the investment subject; enriching the connotation of modern agriculture. Problems on current rural land circulation in Wenzhou at five aspects were pointed out such as procedure specification, market mechanism, service system, conflicts and disputes, pro-agriculture policy, and the profound barrier were analyzed from ideology, benefit and system. Finally, suggestions on promoting rural land circulation in Wenzhou were proposed from six aspects as perfecting the legal system, fostering circulation market, improving the service system, enhancing support, strengthening the security for circulation, and innovating circulation mechanism.