Research Of Routing Technology For Wireless Sensor Network Based On Particle Swarm Optimization

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a current research focus in the IT industry, has broad application prospects and great commercial potential, and has attracted considerable attention in the military, academia and industry. The energy, storage, computing and communication of WSN nodes are all extremely limited, and therefore the primary design goal of WSN routing protocols is to conserve energy and prolong network life cycle. With the progressing of studies on WSN, large-scale WSN routing protocols are gradually showing a hierarchical trend.This thesis firstly introduces and compares several typical WSN routing protocols, and focuses on narrating the classical LEACH routing protocol. After that, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the selection process of cluster heads in LEACH, in order to achieve the effect of reducing network energy consumption and improving the balance degree of energy consumption.The main work and innovation points of this thesis are as follows:(1) On the basis of improving the parameter compression factor in PSO, we obtain a new ACFPSO algorithm with adaptive compression factor. In ACFPSO, the change of compression factor takes the search progress of the whole particle swarm into consideration, and adjusts adaptively along with the dynamic changes of the individual and global optimal solutions, so as to balance between the global and local search ability, and to improve the convergence ability and efficiency of PSO.(2) How to determine the optimal number of cluster heads dynamically in LEACH protocol is studied, and how the optimal number of cluster heads influences network performance is also analyzed. Then, the optimal number of cluster heads is simulated by using MATLAB software. The simulation result shows that: compared with the classical LEACH protocol, LEACH protocol with the optimal number of cluster heads can reduces the average network energy consumption effectively, and the number of remaining survival nodes increases significantly.(3) A new clustering routing algorithm named ACFPSO-C based on PSO is proposed, which uses ACFPSO to optimize the selection process of cluster heads in LEACH protocol. In ACFPSO-C, the selection of cluster heads takes into account synthetically the residual energy of sensor nodes, energy consumption of data transmission and the distance between sensor nodes. The simulation result shows that: compared with the classical LEACH protocol, ACFPSO-C algorithm obviously improves the balance degree of network energy consumption, avoids some sensor nodes in the network of premature death, increases datas that base station significantly, and prolongs network life cycle.