| The processing ability, storage, communication ability and energy of sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) are limited. So how to effectively use the limited energy is the focus of WSN research. Take the structure of WSN network into account, the falt routing algorithm and cluster routing algorithm are investigated in this paper.The flat routing algorithm adapts to small-scale WSN network. Researchers have adoped ant clony algorithm in the routing problem in WSN, and got good performance. The basic ant colony algorithm does not take energy into consideration, and it only focuses on the shortest length of the route. In the paper, an improved ant routing algorithm is proposed to make it more compatible to the applications of WSN. The probabilistic selecting foumla is improved. When an ant selects next node as next hop, energy factory is adopted. The pheromone updating fomula is also improved, and it consists of local pheromone updating fomula and global pheromone updating fomula. The simulation results show that this algorithm can reduce and balance energy consumption.The clustering routing algorithm adapts to large-scale WSN network. During cluster routing algorithms, the conventional cluster routing algorithm has some disadvantages, such as the randomicity of Cluster Head(CH) selecting, random distribution of CHs, and single-hop communication. In the paper, to design cluster routing algorithm, the sensor nodes of WSN are classfied into clusters, and they are distributed proportionally in location. An CH is selected in each cluster. The selection of CH totally take energy into consideration, and the ones which have more energy and are convenient to communicate become CHs. During data transmition, data packet is transmitted between CHs until the data packet reaches the sink node. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm can effectively prolong the lifetime of WSN. |
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