Research And Implementation Of Adaptive Beam-Forming Techniques In High Frequency Surface Wave Radar

High-Frequency surface wave radar is designed to detect and track maritime and low- altitude targets like ships, aircraft and missiles beyond the horizon. This is achieved by the propagation of the long electromagnetic surface wave over the earth surface. The maximum detection range of High-Frequency surface wave radar can reach to 300-400km, just between the range of HF sky-wave radars and microwave radar. So, it can form a wide range of in-depth three-dimensional defense system by the conjunction of three types radar in above. In addition, HFSWR have the ability to avoid anti-radiation missile and the ability of anti-stealth with low cost.Performance of High-Frequency surface wave radar are primarily limited by sea-clutter(at the near ranges) and ionosphere clutter(at the far ranges). Adaptive beam-forming algorithm can solve this problem. It can extract targets from the clutter background and improve detection performance.Space-time adaptive beam-forming processing is an effective way to suppress clutter. It make the beam can point to a particular direction and Doppler. Beam forming takes advantage of interference to change the directionality of the array. This thesis discusses the whole space-time adaptive algorithm and a lower-dimensional space-time adaptive algorithm. Simulation shows that the algorithm can effectively suppress clutter and extract the movement target from the clutter and noise.This thesis introduces the structure of High-Frequency surface wave radar system and its radar signal processing and then introduces the principle of beam-forming and adaptive beam-forming. Beam-forming is spatial signal processing which makes spatial beam focused on the target direction and spatial beam nulled interference signal.In recent years, Field-programmable gate array has become a high performance signal processing system device. It is widely used in networking, digital communications, video, image processing and radar signal processing. FPGAs especially find applications in any area or algorithm that can make use of the massive parallelism offered by their architecture. In order to let designers who are not a proficient in hardware programming can also use the FPGA, Xilinx Corporation developed the System Generator tool. User can build a system model by Matlab or Simulink, and then automatically generate hardware plan through System Generator tool. It accelerates and simplifies the processing of system-level design.This paper uses System Generator tool to build the model of adaptive beam-forming , make functional simulation in Simulink and then generate HDL code.