Researching On The Evolution Of Crisis Communication Pattern

With the rapid globalization, all nations are facing the challenge of crisis even though the world has gradually become as a whole--- from the event of "9.11" in America to "SARS" in China, from the "bird flu" to the snow disaster. With the development of new technology of media and the coming age of internet, Crisis event is disseminated quickly and extensively, the danger and affection of which has been enlarged. How to solve the problem is urgent.With the changing way of transmission, people can feel the influence of media and internet everywhere and can get information by various of ways. The westerners set about to do some research on crisis dissemination during 1980s. In recent years, people began to study the crisis because of the increase of natural disaster that has done serious harm to the public. Crisis dissemination means to do some research on the phenomenon of transmitting the crisis in the public. While dissemination must be by way of certain media. The paper tries to do some research on the development and changing forms of crisis dissemination from the perspective of the media studies in the communication studies.From reporting of panic caused by "Martian invasion of the earth" in 1938 in the United States, which caused the great alarm of residents in the neighborhood and the country because of on-the-spot reports. some residents even committed suicide. By a variety of ways to analyze, the authority admitted that this was a panic caused by the mass media. And then, the writer changed the topic from the panic of "fukujima nuclear leakage" caused by the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan to the following panic buying of salt in China. Both are similar in panic caused by dissemination, but they also have differences such as the degree and beginning and ending time. The writer believe the differences between them lie in the changing forms of crisis dissemination. From this point, the paper analyzes the changing forms from 1930s to the current by comparing the two events. Thus the writer creatively explores the evolution of the media communication mechanism caused by the crisis dissemination.There are five chapters in this paper:Chapter I introduces the crisis and theories of crisis dissemination. The writer analyzes the representative concepts of crisis and definitions and concepts of academic value on crisis dissemination both at home and abroad by combining the knowledge of journalism and communication learned during the undergraduate and graduate stage. Crisis is the crisis happened and happening around the process, in the public, the government, media and information exchange between the process. Crisis dissemination is the process of information exchange between the public, the government and the media before and after a crisis and during the process of crisis. ChapterⅡinvolves in the features of crisis dissemination in the network environment, including the new features and new situations. ChapterⅢanalyzes the radio reports of the Martian invasion panic in 1938. this chapter gives analysis of mechanism caused by the panic of the mass media from different perspectives. ChapterⅥexplores the panic buying of salt in China caused by the event of "fukujima nuclear leakage". In this part, the writer stresses the differences and correlation between "the Martian invasion of 1938" and "fukujima nuclear leakage". Chapter V discusses the current circumstances of facing crisis in China and proposes the evolutional law of crisis dissemination forms, puts forward creatively the differences of crisis dissemination affection in the evolution of crisis dissemination mechanism. By discussing how to promote the evolution of mass media mechanism, it advocates to explore management mechanism that meets the situation and development of China.This paper mainly adopts the methods of analytical comparison, case analysis and induction and deduction. Besides, it collects adequately cases caused by crisis dissemination such as "the Martian invasion of 1938" and "fukujima nuclear leakage". What's more, the author draws his individual conclusion with the helping theories of journalism, communication and management.The paper suggests that we should recognize the evolution of crisis dissemination mechanisms and by making good use of the factors of influencing the crisis dissemination affection, establish effective warning mechanism. As a result, only by realizing the law of crisis dissemination mechanisms can we benefit the society and people.