A Study On Legal Mechanism In Non-point Source Participant Water Quality Trading Of America

The US obtained certain achievements of improving the water quality through supervising point source pollution according to Clean Water Act; meanwhile transfering the responsibility of controlling nonpoint source pollution to every State's government,which has been solved to a great degree by stimulating measures voluntarily.Nonpoint source pollution is th e main reason of water qulity deterioration,which is also the efficient breach of controlling water pollution.From the point of view of transfering structure;it is the most common type to exchange point source to nonpoint source,which is quite reasonable.The differences of solving boundary cost in point source against nonpoint source can make the polluted manufactures benefit from its comparative stimulation and potential effect.The US carried out ways more conforming to the beneficial cost to obtain its water quality goal including nonpoint source exchanging.And lots of experience has been got from the experienments going through such aspects as examming,making experiments,popularizing and legislating the water quality exchanging. All principles on the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System,Nonpoint Source Management Programs,Best Management Practices and Total Maximum Dailyloads have been set up in Clean Water Act.Each State makes specific orders for the necessary articles and rates of exchanging programs as well as the leagle responsibilities that should be taken.US EPAOW and US DA mutually corperated to carry out water quality exchanging in nonpoint source,in which Dillon Reservoir,Colorado and Tar-Pamlico River Basin,North Carolina were the successful cases.China's agricultural surface source pollutant discharge affect much more to the environment,we must put the prevention of agricultural surface pollution into environment protection agenda.Jiaxing Environmenal Administration Signed the contract with Department of Planning of MEP in 2009 to put experiments in to practice of pollutant discharge right involving nonpoint source.This achiement will be directly used in laying down national policies of pollutant discharge exchanging right.It has the magnificant meaning for paid utilization of the right.Deeply inspecting the US legislation and practices in water quality exhcange as well as analyzing its advantages and disadvantages concerning nonpoint source have successful experiences for the same work to our country.