The Five Dynasties Scholars Study

In late Tang Dynasty, Jinshi's parentage became a main way to win senior officials'position. During the war of late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, Examination Contents of Jinshi subjects still be the most important one. In Five Dynasties, as the delegates of intellectuals, Jinshi's living condition and political experiences was the epitome of all the low position intellectuals. The research of this group's characteristics can reflect one aspects of social environment in Five Dynasties. At the same time,as an important transition period between Tang and Song, the social politics, economy and culture's huge changes can also embodied by Jinshi Group.The text includes four parts. In the first part,based on scholars' researchs of De Ke Ji Kao, verify the basic situation of imperial examination and Jinshi group in Five Dynasties. Because of incomplete historical materials, textual research Jinshi whose name could textual research was only20%, among which the records of their familes, birthplaces and political experiences are far more less. Therefore, with other research results, the first step of this paper is to draw a diagram to show the basic situation of Jinshi, then generalize a conclusion.The second part introduces the distribution of Jinshi. It was related to the decline of GuanZhong central forces and the sharply raise of the South central forces. Because north and south was divided into two parts, students in southern part of China were more difficult to attend the Imperial Examination which was held in north. Although the south part of China was the cultural center at the time, until the country unified by Northern Song dynasty, the cultural advantage of southern part began to reveal in imperial examinations.The third part discusses the family background of Jinshi in Five Dynasties. In ancient China,family background decided a person's future directly or indirectly. This Men Fa system was broke by imperial examination. Because of armymen's huge power and intellectuals'low position, Jinshi who was born poor was held an overwhelming majority. A.D.930as the borderline, intellectuals's background has an obvious change. It is owing to every governments'different attitude towards intellectuals.The forth part analyses the official career condition of Jinshi. Jinshi who was born poor was in the majority in Five Dynasties, but when they became officials, Jinshi who has an authority background established superiority over others in every aspects. Beside a great family, went into hereditary gentry was also a significant factor to succeed in career. If they had the honor to meet the future emperors or minister, then make friends with them, they would have a bright prospects.