The Research Of The Functional Differences And Diachronic Evolvement Of The "Kuang (况)" Class Conjuntions

The objects of the paper is the"kuang(况)"class conjuntions. Based on the theories of the three levels, the presupposition,the focus,the lexicalization and the grammaticalization, I try to unfold some basic features , characteristics and functional differences of the"kuang(况)"class conjuntions with the synchronic and diachronic analysis.The paper concerns three chapters.The first chapter is prologue. The prologue dwells on the status quo of the"kuang(况)"class conjuntions , the keys and value of the research. In recent years, there was no special research on them with the synchronic and diachronic analysis togetherly. The purpose of the paper is to make up a deficiency.The second chapter focuses on the defecation functions of the"kuang(况)"class conjuntions with the synchronic analysis on the three levels of semantic, grammar and pragmatics. the defecation functions of the semantic mainly embody in the range of sentence patterns, connecting members, sole application, collocation and the connecting application, etc, The grammar mainly embody in the logical foundation and intension, The pragmatics mainly embody in the constructing fashions of the presupposition, information focus.The third chapter is the key of the paper. With the diachronic analysis, this chapter focuses on the appearance dates, fashions, process, causation and mechanism of the"kuang(况)"class conjuntions, probes into the characteristics of their evolvement. The shape of them has the process of lexicalization and grammaticalization. The incentive of the"kuang(况)"forming the conjuntions with grammaticalization are the first syntax position. The action mechanism are the reanalysis, the analogy, the metaphors, the metonymy and the absorption. The shape of"Er Kuang(而况)","He Kuang(何况)","Kuang Jian(况兼)","Kuang Qie(况且)"all has the process of connecting synonymous conjuctions and fixing phrase structure firstly and then lexicalization. The factor of the lexicalization is pragmatic environment.The fourth chapter is the conclusion of the paper.