| Objective:The study aimed to analyze allocation, distribution and equity of human resources in the public health field in Yi nationality autonomous prefecture of Chuxiong, Yunnan province. The results would show the situation of equity in public health human resources on population and geography and provide some evidence to improve the public health human resources policies.Method:Data of public health human resources during2000and2008were collected from public health facilities and health bureau in Chuxiong. Public health workforce included gender, age, professional education, professional position in different areas were described. Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used to describe the population and geographic equity of public health human resources in diseases prevention and control, and maternal and child health care field.Results:1. By the end of2008, the population in Chuxiong was2.61million. There were1132health professionals in5types of public health institutes including disease prevention and control, maternal and child health care, health supervision, health education and mental health care. The number of public health professionals was4.34per10000populations.2. By the end of2008, there were11centers of disease control and prevention (CDC) with469health professionals and100non-health professionals totally, and49more than2000in Chuxiong prefecture. The number of health professionals on disease prevention and control per10000populations was1.80. The average age was38.60±6.81years and43.7%of health professionals in the age of30to39years group. For education level, more than80%of health professionals were below junior college, and6.0%of them with high school education and below.55.9%of health professionals had junior professional position and1.3%of them had no professional position. There were different between different level of CDC in age, education level and professional position of health professionals. There were more health professionals with high education level, high professional position and young age in the CDC of prefecture level than county level.3. By the end of2008. There were11maternal and child care centers (MCH) with410health professionals in Chuxiong prefecture, and111more than the year of2000. The number of health professionals in each MCH was much different from13to42in county level and105in prefecture level. The number of health professionals on maternal and child health care per10000populations was1.57. Most of health professionals in MCH were female, and45.6%of them in the age of30to39years group with the average age38.16±6.34years. For education level, most of them were junior college and below, and4.4%of them with education of high school and below level.55.9%of health professionals were certified medical doctor or assistant medical doctor and traditional Chinese doctor, and29.0%of them were registered nurse.55.4%of health professionals had junior professional position and38.3%of them had secondary position, and only6.3%of them had high professional position.4. By the end of2008. There were168people in health supervision institutes in Chuxiong prefecture which the average of health supervision professionals per10000populations was0.7. The number of health professionals in mental health hospital was125, and0.48per10000populations. There was only one health education institute in Chuxiong prefecture with5health education professionals, and the number of average health education professionals per10000populations was0.019.5. From2000to2008, the Gini coefficients on health professionals in CDC and MCH were0.091to0.206in populations and0.143to0.20in geographic allocation, and below0.35both. The Gini coefficients showed that the allocation of CDC and MCH health professionals were relatively equity in both population and geography. Equity on population allocation was better than geographic allocation in both CDC and MCH health professionals. The equity on CDC health professionals allocation was better than MCH.Conclusions:1. The number of public health professionals increased during2000to2008, but the quality of professionals needed to be improved in education level, professional position and so on.2. During2000to2008, health professionals allocation in CDC and MCH were relatively equity with Gini coefficients0.091to0.206both on population and geography, and equity on population allocation was better than geographic allocation, the same time equity on CDC was better than MCH.Suggestion:1. Geographical factors should be consided on the evaluation of public health human resources equity2. Reinforcing the health human resources planning and development3. Strengthening the reform of human administration, distribution system and favored policies attracting high-quality health professionals4. Improving structure health professionals in order to health human resources allocation meets the needs of the populations5. Improving ability of public health professionals to providing high quality of public health service to the people. |
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