The Analysis Of Urban Community Peoples' Cognition And Coping Ability For Health Emergencies

Background The public health emergency is the sudden, caused or maybe serious harm to public health,such as the major infectious diseases,the mass diseases of unknown causes,the major food or occupational poisoning and other serious incidents influence of public health. The scope is quite extensive. With the growing of global economy the change of the world situation and public health, all kinds of major public health emergencies happened frequently , losses and casualties continue increasing,which affect peoples'health seriously and endanger the social and economic development and stability greatly. In such a huge impact,improving response ability for the public health emergency has become the governments'an important proposition. Foreign studies show that people's public health emergencies and emergency escaping self-help knowledge and skills are relatively scarce. The public health emergency system is improved gradually in our country, and the rapid responsing ability for the public health emergency is not strong. The investigation for public's awareness of public health emergency and responsing capability is less.The survey's scope and content is limited.The part of survey showed that the level of awareness and skills for public health emergency is low. Responing to public health emergencies, public participation is the foundation. From the public health emergency Prevention to emergency response, it is not successfully completed withno public participation. The sudden public health incidents which often causes public'panic and speculation,and even affect the normal social and economic order. The emergency special education for the public that enhance public awareness, so that with a certain degree of emergency, hedging, self-help and mutual aid common sense, to carry out emergency work positively and proactive with the Government and relevant departments. It is mass prevention truly so that enhance social awareness for emergency preparedness and responsing ability .Therefore, strengthening the education of public health emergency prevention and awareness is very necessary.Objective(s) It is populated densely in urban communities, the crowd complex structure, but the relative concentration of staff, easy to manage, easy to spread, social benefits is large. So that it is a powerful place to carry out health education. To address the above problems, this study selected some residents of urban communities as study objects. To study the urban community for public health emergency cognitive status, coping ability, the main way to obtain knowledge and needs .Identify problems, explore solutions to the problem, to provide evidence for the development of related public health emergency responsing policies and regulations.Methods Using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method, conducted a questionnaire interview of cognitive status of public health emergency response ability of the survey and analysis, in 1650 permanent residents who are over the age of 18 in 2010 in urban communities in Taishan District Taian City.Results Release of 1650 copies of the questionnaire, 1628 questionnaires were valid.(1)75.30% of residents believed that public health emergencies refer to "major infectious diseases" ."The group of unexplained diseases ""The events of seriously influence public health""major food poisoning and occupational poisoning ", The choice rates were 60.44%, 52.21%,52.00%. Only 29.61% of residents believed that the four options are all areas of public healthy emergencies. The rate of correct answer to Classification of public healthy emergencies and early warning color is 39.68% . Different ages, different occupations and different education level groups cognitive difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).(2)The TV and radio are the main ways for residents to obtain information about public health emergencies knowledge (69.2%), followed by newspapers and magazines (52.3%), brochures (40.3%). Only 3.6% of unit training. 32.8% of residents had participated in the training of relevant knowledge, 73.96% of the residents received the relevant data. These residents who participated in the training are more doctors and students, followed by civil servants. Different ages, different occupations and different education level of public health emergencies of residents have significant cognitive effects, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).(3)Residents think that the best and the actual way to obtain the relevant knowledge have basic similar choice rate, while 30.8% of the residents hope to get the relevant knowledge through community training. The knowledge of public health emergencies that most residents want to know is earthquakes, floods, fires and other public health emergencies of emergency measures ,67% of the residents choose this, followed by major infectious diseases (53.4%) ,Groups of unknown causes diseases (36.2%), major food poisoning and occupational poisoning (32.2%). The needs between different occupations and different cultures groups was statistically significant (P <0.05).(4)For treatment of various emergency incidents, most residents can make a right choice. More than 95% of the residents can make a right choice for emergency treatment of electric shock, gas poisoning; 90.8% and 92.0% of residents correctly handle similar disease symptom and suspected patients during epidemics; Among 87.6% of the residents who can correctly handle the infectious diarrhea at home, 47.8% of the residents choose to " their families to go to hospital to do Stool examination who live in close contact ", 43.5% of residents choose " cleaning and disinfecting contaminated patient daily necessities before hospitalized "; 86.3% of residents know how to properly deal with the bite wounds by dogs and cats before vaccinated; of earthquake, fire, flood, stampede in public places, 74.8%, 77.9%, 91.5%, 62.9% of residents choose the right escaping self-help methods respectively; and for tableware disinfection time and gas leak emergency treatment, only 24.3% and 19.0% of the residents can choose correctly. Different occupations, educational level among the inhabitants, the escape of cognitive skills knowledge and responsing levels were significantly (P <0.05).(5)Household fire extinguishers, emergency escape rope, simple smoke mask, flashlight, first aid kit these types of items, 66.7% of the residents have flashlight at home, 46.4% of the residents first aid kit are available at home, 20.8% of residents have fire extinguishers at Home, 11.2% of the residents with an emergency escape rope at home, 7.1% of residents have simple smoke mask, and another 5.4% of residents is have no emergency items at home. Different age, occupation, education level residents in the reserve emergency items were significantly (P <0.05).(6)82.2% of the residents choose to emergency power off in the electric shock, and moved electric shock to the ventilation for first aid; 76.4% of the residents deal with gas poisoning accident that will move the poisoning emergency to ventilation. 29.4% of the residents know who was the larger degree burned should be fed salt water timely. Artificial respiration, chest compressions, CPR first aid three common On-site emergency surgery , 73.1% of the residents will use artificial respiration, 26.9% of the residents can use chest compressions and 5.7% of the residents will be cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It shows a strong sense of mutual rescue, but the rescue skills is weak. Different occupations and educational level groups mastered different significantly, statistically significant (P <0.05).(7)For public health emergencies related laws and regulations of the awareness survey, 83.5% of the residents failed, 11.8% is eligible, 4.7% is good. We can see, the residents awareness rate of public health emergencies related laws and regulations is low. It was not statistically significant between different gender. That was statistically significant (P <0.05) among different age, occupation, education level .(8)In the process of prevention and control of public health emergencies, the relevant units or individuals that have not fulfilled their legal duties, 56.4% of the residents think that "leading to spread of infectious diseases, epidemic, to bodily injury, property damage, " the case should be held accountable by law responsibility; For the "Emergency response law of the PRC" stipulates that the fabricating and disseminating false information about emergency measures, including penalties for those, 37.1% of residents choose, "ordered to make corrections and give a warning"; 53.8% of the residents to choose "Serious consequences, according to the law to suspend its business activities, or revoke License"(9)To public health emergencies of cognition, public health emergency responsing skills, public health emergencies of the cognitive status of relevant laws and regulations, and investigation public health emergencies as a result of the total score for four parts variables, gender, age, educational level, occupation factors as independent variables , multiple linear regression analysis respectively. Results: occupation, education level, age of residents are factors that affect a public health emergency cognition, public health incident response skills, the cognitive status of public health emergency related laws and regulations; The influence of Professional and age on the residents'cognition of emergency public health events,responsing level is the most significant for total score, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) .Conclusion(s) (1)Residents awareness of public health emergencies is more one-sided and lacking. Only a few residents think that the major infectious diseases, grous of unknown causes diseases, major food poisoning and occupational poisoning, a serious impact on public health events are of public health emergencies;The awareness rate of relevant laws and regulations is low.(2)The main way to obtain the relevant knowledge of public health emergencies is television and radio, followed by newspapers, magazines and promotional materials. That the best and actual way to obtain relevant knowledge were basically the same. The emergency measures that most residents want to know is earthquakes, floods and fires , followed by the major infectious diseases. (3)The residents'level of skill is overall better to deal with common emergencies residents; But still one third of the right emergency choice rate is lower ; Residents' home emergency items reserve is deficient; Residents have a better sense of mutual help, but aid skills is poorer.(4)Occupation and age is important factors that affect the residents'cognition of emergency public health events and responsing skill level.(5)To strengthen community residents'conventional education on public health emergence event related knowledge, organizing residents for various emergency response exercises, enhance the sense of urgency and awareness of prevention and improve coping skills, It is imperative.