| Objective:1. To explore characteristic of disease constitution and geography from 1,708 cases, which are about serious illness or disabled only child. To analyse the situation of sick and disabled only child in Guangzhou.2. To investigate the influence of the causing of sick and disabled only child in Guangzhou by using a case-control study, we provide scientific basis for the preventive and control measures. To prevent the occurrence of sick from roots, and constantly improve the quality of the newborn population.Subjects and methods:This study was divided into two parts: in the first part, we describe the prevalence of sick and disabled children, which based on the data from the family planning agencies—based Medical assessment of sick and disabled children, including gender, age, disability type, the mother of prenatal history and Reproductive history of sick and disabled children. The second part is about family planning agencies—based Medical assessment was carded on 440 cases of sick and disabled children and 440 cases controls in 2008-2009. The case-control study is to find out the risk factors, which are related to the incidence of sick and disabled children . All data was entered in Excel 2003 .All analyses were performed by using the SPSS13.0. statistical software Package,including descriptive Analysis x2 -test and multi-factor non- conditional logistic regression.Result:1. Sick and disabled only child in Guangzhou Medical Data Analysis(1)According to genetic disease,433 cases (25.35%) were identified with hereditary diseases (46 types),and 1275 cases (74.65%) were identified with non-hereditary diseases (279 types). Among non-hereditary diseases, the top 5 were Nervous system, Five sensory organs,Other diseases,Genitourinary system,Blood system, with the rate of 88.48%.Among hereditary diseases, the top 5 were Polygenic disease,Autosomal recessive genetic disease,Chromosomal disorder,Autosomal dominant genetic disease,X-linked recessive genetic disease,with the rate of 98.38%. The top 5 of constituent ratios were mental retardation, Cerebral Palsy,Autism,Congenital heart disease and Epilepsy with the proportion of 44.79%. (2) According to geographical distribution of the sick and disabled only child disease: Ye Xiu and Tian He had high incidence of Autism.Li Wan, Bai Yun,Huang Pu,Pan Yu,Cong Hua,Zeng Cheng,Luo Gang and Nan Sha had high incidence of mental retardation.Hai Zhu and Hua Du had high incidence of cerebral palsy.(3)According to the sick and disabled only child s'sex, boys accounted for 1110 cases (64.99%), girls accounted for 598 cases (35.01%). Sex ratio is 185.62:100, this includes: 120: 100 in city, 580:100 in rural areas. Males outnumbered females, showing disabled chil -dren in rural child sex ratio imbalance.(4) According to birth season of the sick and disabled only child, they most were born in summer and autumn. Among these cases there are 498(29.2%)in autumn and 440 ( 25.8%)in summer.No significant differences of each season (P>0.05).2. Case-control study(1)In demography, the differences of cases with a mother's pregnancy age group structure are relatively large , low parental education level, the unemployed / laid-off workers and Low family income were significantly. Results: 7.26% in case group of pregnant mothers older than 35 years are greater than in the control group 3.48%. 28.8% in case group of mothers with a primary education 12.76% in the control group. 12.88% in case group of fathers with a primary education, 4.64% in the control group. Case group mothers and fathers were unemployed / laid-off workers are 17.33% and 16.86 %, 3.48% and 4.87% in the control group. 13.11% in case group of monthly family income of less than 1000 yuan, 6.03% in the control group. In health care,the rate of the case premarital, pre-pregnancy and prenatal check and the availability of health care are low. 32.79% in case group of received pre-marital check parents in health care, 54.52% in the control group. 8.43% in case group of received eugenic screening, 15.78% in the control group. 95.08% in case group of received pregnancy test, 98.14% in control group.(2) Univariate non-conditional logistic regression model analysis showed family history( OR ? =2.904,95%CI=1.609-5.242),pregnant mothers aged (≥35years old) ( OR ? =2.171,95%CI=1.154-4.083), father smoking( OR ? =4.593,95%CI=3.080-6.849), influenza a fever during pregnancy( OR ? =2.255,95%CI=1.384-3.676), Early pregnancy medication( OR ? =3.687,95%CI=2.300-5.910),exposure to chemical substances during pregnancy( OR ? =3.799,95%CI=1.791-8.059),Contact radiation ( OR ? =2.476,95%CI= 1.207-5.076),Hair dye during pregnancy( OR ? =3.117,95%CI=1.225-7.932)were the risk factors.(3) The multivariable non-conditional Logistic regression analysis shows that Family history( OR ? =2.405,Father smoking( OR ? =4.541), taking medicine during pregnancy( OR ? =3.366,take Chinese traditional medicines( OR ? =2.814,Exposure to chemical substances during pregnancy( OR ? =3.014),Threatened abortion( OR ? =1.439), increase the risk of incidence of sick and disabled only child .Conclusion:1. Compared with other cities in China,the characteristics of the sick and disabled children disease:(1)The non-hereditary diseases accounted for the main location.Nervous system disease is the first disease of sick and disabled children.(2)Genetic disease account for a certain proportion, mainly based multigene genetic diseases. Congenital heart disease occupy first place in the genetic disease;(3)sensorineural neuropathic deafness, mediterranean anemia more prominent, trauma disability less.2. The geographical distribution characteristics of the sick and disabled children disease: Mediterranean anemia shows in regional distribution, Nan Sha and Zeng Cheng budget had high incidence .3. The gender characteristics of the sick and disabled children: Sick and disabled children in rural child and in city sex ratio imbalance.4. Univariate non-conditional logistic regression model analysis showed: Cultural level of parents, Occupation, Family income and the situation of health care services utilization were the influence factors to the sick and disabled children. The parents who are low parental education level, the unemployed/laid-off workers and Low family income, not participate in premarital, pre-pregnancy and prenatal check, theie child possibility has disabled that come on is larger.5. Risk factors which possibly cause sick and disabled children is family history, father smoking, taking medicine during pregnancy, taking Chinese traditional medicines, exposuring to chemical substances during pregnancy and threatened abortion. Among that, the risk of father smoking, taking medicine during pregnancy, exposuring to chemical substances during pregnancy are the highest risk factors. |
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