Effect Of Chromosomes On The Important Agronomic Traits In Common Wheat

Yiyuan 2, a new line produced by Prof. Zheng Youliang using multispikelets material 10-A which carries rye genes, showed lots of excellent agronomic traits such as multispikelets, multigerms, productive tillers and so on. Moreover, it has a potential of high yield, which had reached at 600kg/acreage ever. Unfortunately, it presented decreased 1000-grain weight, wrinkled seeds, and late maturation recently resulted in a reduced yield.We initiated this study to evaluate the chromosome effect on the important agronomic traits in Yiyuan 2. Firstly, we investgated the agronomic traits of 42 'Chinese Spring' (CS) ditelosomic lines to analyse the genes effect in each chromosome. And then, we produced hybrids between CS ditelosomic lines as female parent and Yiyuan 2 as male parent. The agronomis traits of F1 and selfed F2 were analysed. Meanwhile, to verify the accuracy of the telomere location, specific SSR primes of 3B chromosome were slected randomly to detect the diploid F2 plants. These works will be helpful to further research such as genetic mapping and genes utilization from Yiyuan 2. The major results are as follows:1. In present study, from the detection of CS and the hybrids between CS and Yiyuan 2, we found that some chromosome arms played roles to agronomic traits to a certain extent.1) 1AL,2AL,7AS,1BL,3BL,3BS,7BL,2DL,3DL,7DS chromosomes from CS may affect the flowering time of CS; 3AL,7AS,2BS,4BS,5BS,2DL,5DS,7DS chromosomes from Yiyuan2 could affect the entire flowering stage of Yiyuan 2 significantly.2) 1AL,3AL,1BS,3BS,6BL,1DS,3DS,6DLchromosomes from CS carried genes which could promote the spikes length increasing; The development of spikelet length associated with the genes on 1AL,3AL,7AS,3BL,6BL,3DL,3DS,6DL chromosomes from line Yiyuan 2.3) The spikeltes development of CS associate with genes on 1AL,6AL,4BS,3DS 5D chromosomes;In the line Yiyuan 2,3AL,7AL,1DS,2DS,5DL,7DS chromosomes played a key role to the development of spikelets.4) In CS, Genes on 1AL,2BL,3BL,3BS,6BL,2DLchromosomes may be related with the kernel number; In Yiyuan 2,1AL,3AL,3BL,6BS,5BL chromosomes impacted on the kernel number obviously.5) In CS, the grain development associated with the genes on 1AL,2BL,3BL,3BS,6BL,7BS,3DL chromosomes; 6AS,2BL,5BL chromosomes in Yiyuan 2 controlled the 1000-grain weight.2. The SSR analysis on 3B chromosome suggested that the linkage presented between kernel number and Xbarc77,Xgwm340,Xgwmll4, and, the QTL of kernel number was located on chromosome 3BL, whose LOD is 3.21, additive effect is 6.34, and contribution ratio is 21%.