Effects Of Chromosome Translocations1BL/1RS And7DL.7Ag On The Agronomic Traits In Common Wheat

The1BL/1RS translocation and7DL.7Ag translocation have been widely used by wheatbreeders to enhance agronomic performance and disease resistance. In the past decades, Theintroduction and application of1BL/1RS translocation significantly increased yield potentialsand adaptability in China; now it still plays an important role in wheat breeding andproduction. Currently, The positive effects of7DL.7Ag translocation in terms of increasingthe yield have caused attention of wheat breeders over the world. The objective of this studywas to analysis the effects of1BL/1RS、7DL.7Ag and1BL/1RS&7DL.7Ag chromosometranslocations on the main agronomic traits in wheat. A total of900F2population and F2:3family derived from the cross Yunong982(1BL/1RS translocation)/wheatear(7DL.7Agtranslocation) were planted in Yangling of Shaanxi Province during2009-2011.This studyidentified the chromosome translocation types of F2population using SSR and STS. Inaddition, a total of15traits of the two parents, F2population and F2:3family, such as plantheight, spike length, grain number per spike, thousand-grain weight, grain weight per spikeand days from emerge to maturity, were investigated. The F-test and multiple comparisons ofthe agronomic traits of no-translocation lines, homozygous1BL/1RS translocation lines,homozygous7DL.7Ag translocation lines and Double Translocation Lines (1BL/1RS,7DL.7Ag) in F2:3family were done using the SAS8.2System. The results showed that:1. STS Lr19130maker and Xgwm428marker were identified, which could effectivelydistinguish the heterozygous7DL.7Ag translocation from homozygous7DL.7Agtranslocation when they were used together.2. In terms of agronomic traits in F2population, the mean numbers of plant height、spikelength、grains per panicle and1000-grain weight were between the parents; grain weight perspike was lower than the parents while spikelet number per spike and number of productivepanicles were higher than their parents. The decrease of plant height in certain range willresult to the increase of other traits, and the rise of number of productive panicles willpromote the increase of spike length, grains per panicle and Panicles per plant. 3. In terms of agronomic traits of F2:3family, a significantly higher grain number perspike and spikelet number, reduced plant height in1BL/1RS translocation lines wereobserved. Comparing with no-7DL.7Ag lines, the7DL.7Ag lines showed significantly higherthousand-grain weight and plant height. However, a significantly lower grain number perspike and the slightly but significantly longer days from emerge to maturity in7DL.7Ag lineswere observed. Double Translocation Line (1BL/1RS,7DL.7Ag) showed a significantlyhigher spikelet number and thousand-grain weight, but a lower grain number per spike. Theapplication of7DL.7Ag translocation in wheat breeding may break through the bottleneck ofyield.