Application Of Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines Of Triticum Dicoccoides In The Background Of Common Wheat In Wheat Genetics And Breeding

Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world.Germplasm resources are the material guarantee for breeding new wheat varieties,while wild emmer wheat is rich in genetic resources.In order to realize its excavation and utilization,two sets of materials were used in this experiment.Firstly,the quality traits of CASL and parental BLH were analyzed,and the replacement lines carrying the excellent wild Emmer wheat genes were mined,and these genes were mapped to the chromosome arms;And 24 hybrid combinations were prepared by hybridization between each substitution line and its parent BLH,and their agronomic characters and heterosis were analyzedely Each chromosome arm of wheat is deeply studied for heterosis of agronomic traits.On the other hand,a set of DH lines created by CASL7AS and ZNL12 were used as materials to measure and analyze the agronomic traits and quality traits.the lines with excellent genes and good comprehensive characters were screened to provide new breeding resources for wheat breeding.The main findings are as follows:1?Five quality traits of CASL population and parents were detected and analyzed.It was found that there were significant differences in quality traits between different CASLs.Therefore,based on the quality traits,we estimated that at least six positive QTLs for the control of grain protein formation in wild emmer wheat were located in 6AL,1BS,2BS,3BL,7BS and 7BL respectively.And at least three positive QTLs controlling the formation of wet gluten were respectively Located in 2BL,7BS and 7BL.At least three main QTLs for controlling zeleny were located at 4AL,7AL and 7BL respectively.At least one negative QTL controlling starch formation was located on 7BL.At least positive effect QTL located on 7BL,which promoted the increase of grayscale of wheat grain.2?Twenty-four hybrid combinations were constructed using CASL population and BLH.The phenotypic analysis showed that some F₁ combinations were significantly higher than CASL population and BLH in their corresponding traits.According to the statistical analysis results,32 Heterosis loci were detected in six agronomic traits,such as plant height,panicle neck length,panicle length,grain width,grain length and 1000-grain weight.3?Through analysis of agronomic traits and quality traits of DH populations,it was found that there were abundant genetic variations in each trait,and all of them showed typical quantitative traits?except leaf horn and leaf rust?,Among them,the coefficient of variation of number of turns,plant height,spike neck length and grain weight plant were all higher than 20%.The simple correlation analysis of agronomic traits and quality traits showed that the length of the neck and the plant height were significantly positively correlated with the 1000-grain weight and yield per plant,and were significantly negatively correlated with the protein content.The heading stage and protein content were extremely significant.Correlation,yield traits were significantly negatively correlated with protein content.The results of generalized heritability showed that most traits?except the number of effective panicles and total spikelets?had higher generalized heritability?H²>80%?.The correlation analysis of the traits examined by the three sites showed that these traits had high genetic stability.4?Cluster analysis showed that the DH population including parents was divided into five groups.From the overall analysis of the groups,it was found that the groups with high yield and quality potential were Group II and Group V.The comprehensive level of agronomic traits was better than the other three groups,and the protein content was higher.Eight lines of H6,H7,H13,H41,h173,h184,H50 and H64 were screened out from the two groups,which have good comprehensive characters and are of great reference significance for wheat breeding of low stem,yield increase and high quality.