Researches On Rural Residential Areas And Variational Characters Of Housing Construction

Since the reform and open policy, Chinese rural residents'living standards have greatly enhanced, and improving the living conditions and expanding housing area has become a requirement and an important aspect of consumer investment of fanners. Chinese rural construction will enter a new historical stage with the policies and measures of new rural communities' construction being carried out. But for a long time, because of material limitation, most of Chinese scholars paid more attention to the urban construction and variational characters of housing construction than rural constructions. Therefore, it has an important realistic meaning that strengthening the researches on rural residential areas and changes of housing construction and its driving forces to protect farmland, optimize land utilization structure in town and country and distribution of the villages, promote land intensive and economical use, push positively on the development of new socialist countryside. So these points must be the important aspects of researches.Farmer is micro -units of Chinese rural residential areas and housing construction, whose behaviors of choosing their domicile and housing construction had direct effects on rural residential land and changes of housing construction. Therefore, this paper aimed at anglicizing rural residential areas and changes of housing construction and its driving forces based on farmers, in order to provide scientific basis for making rational policies of rural residential area and housing construction.The author classified the factors that influenced rural residential areas and changes of housing construction, and anglicized its driving force in a theoretical way, which has provided theoretical basis to the corresponding empirical analysis model. This paper was based on the questionnaires, which was started from February 2010 to March 2010 in Dabie mountain district, and there were 277 questionnaires. Based on the questionnaires, the writer studied on the rural residential areas and changes of housing construction and its driving forces by using linear regression model. The main contents include the following eight chapters:Chapter 1:introduction. This chapter presented the background and significance of studying Chinese rural residential areas and driving mechanism of housing construction, research progresses at home and abroad, methods,ideas,technical route and content, what's more, the writer also points out the innovation and deficiencies of those researches. Chapter 2:the writer summarized the theory foundation of Chinese rural residential areas and driving mechanism of housing construction, including:demand hierarchy theory, consumption-income theory, location theory, spatial evolution theory, consumer psychology theory. Meanwhile, the writer anglicized Chinese rural residential areas and driving mechanism of housing construction through analyzing six aspects:natural environment, social development, family characteristic, family wealth, policy and management system, psychological factors, which constructed a theoretical analysis framework of driving mechanism of changes of rural residential area.Chapter 3:sample selection and regional situation. Dabie mountain is located in China's central regions, which is the junction of Hubei, Henan, and Anhui provinces, including Hubei, Huanggang, Xiaogan, henan Xinyang. and Anhui JinZhai huoshan. Landforms are diversiform, and economics is imbalance in Dabie mountain district. The author chose 16 villages at random in this region and made door-to-door inquiry, at last,277 questionnaires were awarded, and meanwhile, the author also made an analysis on basic situation of these families.Chapter 4:sequence changes of the rural residential areas and housing construction in the study area. From the analysis of questionnaires, we found that:①the majority of rural houses are old in this region, and the potential demand of improving living conditions was high.②most of the structure of rural residential houses were brick-concrete structure civil structure. And in the history, there were two climaxes in building houses, and the Variation characteristics presented like "N".③farmers built new houses in order to improve living standard, and most new houses has two or three layers, but actual utilization of new houses is not high. According to the questionnaires, the capital used in building houses mainly came from salary earned by migrant workers and debts from others, so liabilities of new houses are serious;④two situation both existed---site in new and buildings in new, but there are differences between villages on choosing residential area.Chapter 5:analysis on characters of space changes of rural residential land and housing construction. Based on the analysis of the sample, we found that:there were two types of spatial distribution in these two villages-Linear expansionary and On-site development-oriented. As living beside the traffic artery may bring potential benefits to the residents, now many farmers choose to build houses beside to the road in some regions, which is called Linear expansionary. However, this mode not only caused that a large number of cultivated lands were wasted, rural infrastructure couldn't be configurated effectively, but also caused some houses were unoccupied, which lowered the utilization efficiency of limited living space; another type is On-site development-oriented, which was formed by terrain and accretion of population. Although this type saved land, this type made the whole village more and more crowded, but also the structure of village looked like a heap of loose sand, and in the village, street were crooked, and houses were out of order, which brought a lot of inconvenience, and greatly influenced the construction of new countryside.Chapter 6:rural residential areas and driving mechanism of housing construction. The writer made use of SPSS13.0 statistical software, and selected 14 factors to make preliminary simulation analysis. Through the multivariate linear regression model analysis we found that:the main five factors influenced rural residential area were:net annual income of families, sources of residential land, reform of rural taxes, traffic conditions and perennial psychological. Traffic conditions has negative influence to rural residential area, and other four factors have positive effects.Chapter 7:variation tendency of rural residential areas---based on the analysis of farmers' aspirations. According to surveys, it showed that①about 30 percent wished to built new houses, but there are dramatic differences between villages;②the new houses which will built with two or three floors, which will be built in this 3 years;③two situation both existed---site in new and buildings in new, however, both of these two types are occupied cultivated land.Chapter 8:results, suggests and discussions. In this chapter, the writer made a conclusion. According to the results of this paper, the writer gave some suggestion on how to manage and lead the farmers' behavior of housing construction from the government, and discussed about the weakness of this paper.