The Research On Reproductive Strategies Of Anemone Obtusiloba In Various Environmental Conditions

Reproductive strategy of plant is use the best resource allocation pattern, with itspeculiar breeding attribute to adapt the environment and improve plant self-organizingprocess of fitness in the process of plant life history. Analysising plant reproductivestrategy to plant population adapting strategies, this is a problem of plant resourcesallocation and the stability. Studies on resource allocation were focused on reproductionand sex allocation. The former is core of life history evolution; the latter is aboutoptimal allocation of reproductive resources between sexes, attempted to interpret thediversity of plant breeding systems. There are lots of unique plants in Alpine Meadow atEastern Qinghai Tibetan Plateau, and Anemone obtusiloba is the most commonPoisonous weed in the alpine meadows, it has the polymorphism of flower colors. Howthe A. obtusiloba of different colors adapt the unique environmental conditions ofQinghai Tibetan Plateau and take what kind of strategies to achieve breeding purpose?At present, the researches about A. obtusiloba mainly focus on comparison ofreproductive allocation and sex allocation between species in different environment. Butresearches on what the same plant resources allocation of different colors in same ordifferent populations, and how they adapt environment and flower color gradient changehave not appeared. Therefore, we selected A. obtusiloba of different colors, discussedthe influence of altitudes and flower colors on resource allocation and phenotypiccharacterization and influence mechanism, and revealed how the A. obtusiloba ofdifferent colors adapt the environmental conditions, to provide the theory basis of alpinemeadow plants strategies of research, flower colors of polymorphism maintain reasonsand grassland degradation of prevention and control. The results showed:(1) The seed rate of A. obtusiloba of different colors all not to be limited by pollenavailability, which suggested that ability of self pollination for alpine plants may be amechanism of reproductive assurance. The high altitudes soil resources situation issuperior to the low altitudes, but seed rate of the three colors A. obtusiloba all decreased,which suggested that may be the storage resource constraints the plants, and thus not allthe ovule can develop into seed.(2) During flowering and fruiting, there is an important effect of altitude on resource allocation and phenotypic characterization in A. obtusiloba of different colors.During flowering, with the increased altitude, A. obtusiloba of different colors allincreased of reproductive function; reproductive ingredient and sex allocation allincreased of female function, the result showed female-biased sex allocation. In thesame altitudinal of the four altitudinal gradients, the individual size of same color waspositively correlated with phenotypic characterization, but the differences between incolor, the altitude directly affected these size-dependent on phenotypic characterization,which suggested that the relationship of phenotypic characterization and individual sizeis the result of the gradient environment; there was not certain correlation betweenresources allocation (reproductive allocation, sex allocation) and individual size in A.obtusiloba of the three colors, the result did not show sex allocation with SDS theoryprediction.During fruiting, with the increased altitude, A. obtusiloba of white and pale yellowincreased of their vegetative growth function, and yellow increased of reproductivefunction; A. obtusiloba of white and yellow increased seed fitness, pale yellow reducedseed fitness, but A. obtusiloba of three colors all reduced female allocation with theincreased altitude; In the four altitudinal gradients, the individual size of the same colorwas positively correlated with phenotypic characterization, but the differences betweencolors, the altitudes directly affected these size-dependent on phenotypiccharacterization, which suggested that the relationship of phenotypic characterizationand individual size is the result of the gradient environment; there was not regularity ofthe significant changes between resources allocation and individual size in A. obtusilobaof three colors, indicating resources allocation at flowering.(3) A. obtusiloba of the three colors from the flowering to fruiting, when breedingpressure increasing (altitude rise), A. obtusiloba of yellow is more competitive the othercolors, this result accord with we observed that yellow partial more with the increasedaltitude.(4) During flowering and fruiting, there is an important effect of flower colors toresource allocation and phenotypic characterization in A. obtusiloba.During flowering, with the deepened of color, reproductive traits and reproductiveallocation of A. obtusiloba increased of their vegetative growth function; reproductiveingredient and sex allocation increased male function, the result showed male-biasedsex allocation. During fruiting, with the deepened of color, phenotypic characterization andresources allocation increased of reproductive function and female function, the resultshowed female function fitness increased.(5) A. obtusiloba from the flowering to fruiting, with the deepened of color, it'sadaptability to the environment is enhanced; this result accord with that in thedistribution pattern, yellow population is more than white population in each study.(6) In different environmental conditions, the trade-off between male and femalefunction inexistence of A. obtusiloba of three colors in flowering, the reasons notsupportive sex allocation theory assumes that there is a trade-off between the sexes. Itmaybe caused by the truth that the resource distribution of plant must be under diverselife history character, not one kind with another.