Study On The Distribution Characteristics Of Wetland In The Area Of Yanbian Zhou Based On Remote Sensing Technologies

The wetland is one kind of important and the unique ecosystem. It has the huge economic value, the ecological value and the adjustment function. Nowdays, the wetland resources are suffering the serious destruction, so the wetland protection has already become a very urgent duty. And the prompt accurate understanding of wetland's distributed characteristic can protect the wetland protection better.This research selects the Yanbian Korean National Minority autonomous prefecture which the Tumen Jiang flows through as the research area. Then by the remote sensing knowledge and geographic information system technology, collecting Landsat MSS, the TM remote sensing data and the Yanbianzhou DEM chart, the river system chart, the vegetation map, the soil type chart, the transportation path chart and the non-remote sensing data of the research area. At last reference investigation to serve the. man-machine interactive interpretation methods to get the distribution information of the wetland in the research area, then conducts the research to its distribution characteristic, and detailed elaboration wetland distribution change influencing factors.This study first use remote sensing knowledge for supervised classification in 1976,1990,2000,2010, four years of the initial extraction of wetland information, and then combined with supplementary information and data on the initial site visit information extracted Artificial modifications, enhancements, eventually come to four years of wetlands in Yanbian segment information. Through the statistics, the area of Yanbian zhou wetlands is 140093.49 hm2 in 1976, and the area became 134545.69 hm2 in 1990. The area became 104953.38 hm2 in 2000. The number is 105965.19 hm2 in2010. Between 34a the wetland area reduced 34128.30 hm2. Compare wetlands data in different eras can be found the kinds of wetlands in Yanbian mainly is the river wetlands the bog wetland and the paddies field, otherwise, the lakes wetlands, and other types of artificial wetlands are fewer, and the river wetlands and the lakes wetlands are .tended to decrease, other types of wetland area has been growing The paddy field area is first increased and then decreased. Compared the wetland resources of eight cities in Yanbian zhou can found the wetlands mainly in the cities which rich in water resources, such as Dunhua which Mudanjiang,Gaya River flowing through, and Wangqing which Suifen River flowing through, and Antu which the Second Songhua River flowing through, andLongjing,Wangqing which the Tumen River system flowing through. But the wetlang aera inYanji and Tumen has been in a small state. Between the changes in the wetland area, the overall trend is the wetland area tended to decrease, but some cities have some repeatedly changes.We Carries on the superimposition analysis by of various ages wetland distribution map with various spatial essential factor then discovered that the Yanbianzhou wetland mainly distributes in 0°-3°the slope rank, And in this slope scope the wetland area accounts for the Yanbianzhou wetland total area above 80%; The slope approaches the aspect, the wetland are many in the flat land distribution, other slopes are not big to the difference; In the elevation aspect, the Yanbian zhou wetland mainly distributes in the elevation 100-800m elevation. Distributes majority of with the path relevance analysis discovery wetland in is away from outside transportation path 4km the region, which is nearer to the transportation path, the wetland distribution are less.Finally from the natural factor and the humanities factor two aspects to analyzes the wetland distribution and the changes, we can discovered terrain landform, climate, soil, hydrology, vegetation and so on both have the material effect to the Yanbian zhou wetland distribution and the changes. The Yanbian zhou wetland distribution elevation is higher than other place, and this relates to its overall elevation closely. The wetland resources reduce are mainly unceasingly because the reviers amount flows through Yanbian zhou reduced and the rainfall amount unceasingly reduces too, yet the transpiration rate increasing. Besides, the humanities factors such as construction the hydraulic engineering,reclamation and economic development to further intensify the Yanbian zhou wetland resources reduction.