Based On The Geographical Location Of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks, Energy-sensitive Multi-path Routing Algorithm

Wireless multimedia sensor network is a new sensor network that adds multimedia equipments perceiving audio, video and images in the traditional wireless sensor network. The multimedia node is equipped with a CMOS camera, microphones and other multimedia information-collecting devices. The characteristics of random layout, self-organization and environmental adaptation make wireless multimedia sensor networks wide use in such fields as environmental monitoring, disaster rescue and target tracking. The study has strong theoretical and practical value. WMSN has been highly emphasized by the military agency academic group and industry field and become the research hotspot in recent years.Like traditional wireless sensor network, combining the advantages of self-organization and unattended and the ones of multimedia technologies and rich media information, Wireless multimedia sensor network, on the one hand, has the self-organization, multi-hop routing and constrained resources of the traditional wireless sensor network, and on the other hand, has its own significant personal characteristics in the energy distribution, QoS requirements and sensor model. The throughput of multimedia data in WMSNs is more than that in WSNs, and a single transmission path is difficult to guarantee the stability of the network, so multi-path transmission is required to meet the application requirements in WMSNs. As the sensor nodes can not replace the battery after deployment, and the abilities of computation,communication and storage capacity of the node are limited, the energy saving and prolong of the network to maximize the lifetime must be the main purpose in the design of routing algorithm in WMSNs.(1)Based on the existing routing algorithm along with the characteristics of wireless multimedia sensor networks, this paper proposes a novel energy-aware compass multi-path routing algorithm (EACM). The algorithm selects the next hop node by taking into account the residual energy of sensor nodes and the node degree of deviation from the destination node. The algorithm can balance the residual energy difference of nodes and adjust the aggregation degree of multiple paths to balance the energy consumption and reduce the transmission delay of data packets in WMSNs. According to the specific needs of applications, the right value of energy and the offset angle weight are set by adjusting the degree of aggregation among the multi-paths, and the Number of multi-path and the delay on the path are adaptive. Firstly, the node with the optimal remaining energy and the offset angle in the forwarding region is selected as the next hop routing node, and the region is extended to the entire neighborhood area when the neighbor nodes are not available in the forwarding region. When neighborhood area is empty, the algorithm can start tag fallback routing strategy and dynamically avoid empty hole, thus ensuring the success rate of routing. After exploring the path optimization strategy, the routing path is optimized and the delay of the path is minimized. WMSNs are generally applied in specific scenarios which have more dense nodes, and the node distribution is usually presented in the non-uniform distribution. (2) The improved algorithm, the Uneven Energy-aware compass multi-path (UEACM), is proposed to meet the needs of the Non-uniform network. The algorithm can adjust the size of the selecting region through the degree of the node density, and reduce the time delay and prolong the network lifetime while ensuring network robustness.Through simulation, the algorithm and TPGF are compared in the two kinds of environments, the uniform distribution and non-uniform distribution of nodes, from the network life cycle, the average routing hops, network energy balance, the total number of the routing path. The simulation results show that EACM and UEACM can achieve more adaptive than TPGF in the practical applications. Energy consumption can be well balanced and the network lifetime can be effectively extended.In addition, energy weight and offset angle weight can be changed to adjust the number of the total multi-path and the delay on the path.